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                <text>الشيخ, حليمة</text>
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                <text>The visual experience in the poetry of Mohamed Bennis
The semantic and rhythmic unity formed by the poetic verse led to imparting a stable perception of the poetic structure in the visual memory, with the writing experience of the great Moroccan poet Mohamed Bennis belonging to pluralism as a sign of modernity, as it combines creative practice with theory on the basis of a wide culture. Therefore, we considered in this study, Muhammad Benis, the poet, and we focused specifically on the visual space of poetics in his poetic experience through his adventure in building the differed text. The primary role that the visual body of the text can play in a step to achieve a different understanding of poetic writing is based on considering language as a tool, and this is the consideration according to which the poet’s work becomes an industry and a material for language strudture formation or rather construction. What is constant is that the written poetic text becomes a succession of visual signs over a specific space. These signs do not go beyond the scope of linguistic evidence. The poetic experience of Muhammad Bennis extends over time, with the obsession of emigrating to familiar places, and it truly contributes to drawing the map of contemporary Arabic poetry. These aspects of Benis poetry constitutes the heart of discussion in this article.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/829</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 1 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 01 / Août 2014; 61-70</text>
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                <text>Visual signs</text>
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                <text>poem map</text>
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                <text>text struture</text>
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                <text>التجربة البصرية في   شعر محمد بنيس</text>
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                <text>Seddiki, Aoussine</text>
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                <text>Promoting intercultural competence through the integration of cultural studies in Deutsch Classes
As part of the German lessons as foreign Language, cultural studies are given particular importance in German lessons. In practice, there is a need for teachers to think about how best to address and implement culturtal studies. With the aim of contributing to the optimization of regional studies lessons, numerous authentic materials are didactic. The production of cultural studies materials plays a special role in this project. Since texts and language structure) contain regional information, every German lesson as a foreign Language is considered to be culturally-oriented. This article examines how association, observation, experience and comparison in Deutsch classes can raise awareness and, if necessary, relativize existing positive and negative attitudes in order to optimize the competence of students in the field of cultural studies.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/828</text>
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                <text>deu</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/828/694</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 1 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 01 / Août 2014; 40-45</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>German lessons (as foreign Language)</text>
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                <text>cultural studies</text>
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                <text>culture-orienetd lessons</text>
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                <text>didactization</text>
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                <text>optimization of cultural student competence</text>
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                <text>German lessons (as foreign language)</text>
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                <text>cultural studies</text>
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                <text>culture-oriented lessons</text>
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                <text>optimization of cultural student competence</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>DaF und Landeskundeunterricht</text>
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                <text>ياشي , عبد   القادر</text>
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                <text>Methodology of "Mohammed bin Amer Al-Akhdari Al-Biskari" in his explanation of Alfiya Ibn Malik
Authoring in Arabic grammar did not confine itself to repetition, but rather suprpassed it to make grammatical issues in the form of systems” Moutoun” to facilitate the science of knowledge, and one of the most famous grammatical systems is Alfiya ibn Malik, which was popular among researchers and students of science. Among the scholars who responded to its explanation was "Muhammad bin Amer Al-Akhdari Al-Bskari" Al-Jazaery. So, it was necessary for us to shed light on this explanation and this figure who lived in the Ottoman era, highlighting his approach, opinions and sources adopted in his explanations. The researcher concluded through this study that the commentary and expalanations on Ibn Malik’s Al-Alfiya in that era is considered to be one of the great works that witnessed the highness of Ka’ab Lakhdari in the sciences of the Arabic language.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/827</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i1.827</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/827/695</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 1 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 01 / Août 2014; 91-109</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>Alfiya</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326772">
                <text>Ibn Malik</text>
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                <text>Grammar</text>
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                <text>Al-Akhdari</text>
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                <text>Al-Moutoun</text>
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                <text>Alfiya</text>
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                <text>Ibn Malik</text>
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                <text>Grammar</text>
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                <text>Al-Akhdari</text>
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                <text>Al-Moutoun</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326781">
                <text>منهجية " محمد بن   عامر االخضري البسكري"   في شرحه أللفية ابن مالك</text>
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                <text>Benkazdali, Khadidja</text>
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In the present article, the author recounts the saga of a family in the Levant and, more specifically, that of his paternal grandfather Boutros. This story involves the complexity of Lebanon clash sees on its soil different cultures, religions, and the discovery of the West through moving characters to explore their legends, their tragedies and joys and evoke their community affiliations, religious, national and cultural. These characters are sometimes designed as mystical beings or Freemasons, sometimes as teachers or traders; they have the fever of adventure in the blood when they cultivate the passion of exile or nomadism. A priori, it is in the critical prose that fits the test Origin Amine Maalouf, in which the author deals with modesty and restraint family destiny dispersed between several geographic eras, from Cuba to New York, to Beirut to the villages of the Mount Lebanon to France. It is mostly a quest, a philosophical question, "Where I come from " and "who am I? » An approach to the question of identity, its construction and its natural vocation for research on identity origins cannot determine the true personality of the being through reconciliation with the other to find some kind of inner peace.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 56-65</text>
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                <text>Conflit identitaire et réconciliation Dans Origines d’Amine Maalouf</text>
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                <text>Assia Djebar: The Art of Writing Hitory
This article is based on the idea that the aesthetic view of a writer is firmly linked to his vision of the meaning of ethics. It is more particularly interested in tracing the thread of thoughts in some of Assia Djebar's novels while focusing on the factor of synchronizing historical periods. In this sense, the present work refers to the situation of women before, during, and after independence. The author focuses on the positivism that we must attach to the status of the Algerian woman; it brings to life special and delicate moments of long years of struggle against colonial forces where women indeed played a key role on the path to independence. In fact, in a critical eye, we can filter through the works that Djebar aims much more at a reconsideration of the position of women not really in the distant past but also in the present which dictates many necessary changes based on these historical data. In fact, the reader is invited to add his touch while starting with the present sociocultural data and practices because indeed a novel is written with the aim of being invented and reinvented throughout time. The article therefore exposes the way of writing of the author who brings back in the same container her literary but also historical vision; its plurivocal symbolic style which is intended as a means for the transmission of the message of silence in the Algerian society but also similar societies that resemble ours. Through this analysis, the author explores the way in which the writer puts herself there to expose us her world to her that she generates for the readers so that they relive through these histories of real lives and she actually succeeded in doing it very well. In conclusion, the article tries to bring to light the way that Assia Djebar uses to transfigure a whole system of values and ethics towards a quest for reality.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 165-168</text>
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                <text>Assia Djebar : L’art D’écrire   L’histoire</text>
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                <text>The song at the service of learning foreign languages: The case of FFL in the Algerian school
It is no secret that Algerians are not champions in foreign languages. To overcome these shortcomings, a new learning method could make our work easier: singing. A scientific study published in the journal Memory &amp;amp; Cognition reveals that learning foreign words by singing them makes it easier to remember them. But also to acquire long-term language and cultural competence. Our research tested participants on French as a foreign language. Particularly difficult to master, the language has a very different structure from ours, which is the Arabic dialect. French is a very difficult language to master and it seems to us that fun activities such as songs could facilitate learning the target language and make it effective. Our participants listened to a series of songs, then sang and repeated them during a three-month training. They were then given a test to note which words were retained. Learners who chose to sing retained twice as many words as their classmates. A result that also applies in the long term. When they were subjected to the same tests many months later, they still had them in their memory. The researcher believes that these results should open the door to a new form of foreign language learning. “Most people regularly remember the words they heard in songs. The whole question is whether the melody provides an additional marker in the learners’ memory”, while specifying that this type of method is already in use among the youngest. The use of singing is already obvious in primary and middle school. For the learner, melodies are a speech facilitator. “The practice of language through songs promotes the acquisition of the musicality of the language. It also makes it possible to identify the sound components of language. The syllabization and the rhymes indicate the internal rhythm of the sentence and help the child to restore the melodic curve of a sentence”, underlined the Ministry of National Education, in a report in 2008.</text>
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                <text>The song at the service of learning foreign languages: The case of FFL in the Algerian school
It is no secret that Algerians are not champions in foreign languages. To overcome these shortcomings, a new learning method could make our work easier: singing. A scientific study published in the journal Memory &amp;amp; Cognition reveals that learning foreign words by singing them makes it easier to remember them. But also to acquire long-term language and cultural competence. Our research tested participants on French as a foreign language. Particularly difficult to master, the language has a very different structure from ours, which is the Arabic dialect. French is a very difficult language to master and it seems to us that fun activities such as songs could facilitate learning the target language and make it effective. Our participants listened to a series of songs, then sang and repeated them during a three-month training. They were then given a test to note which words were retained. Learners who chose to sing retained twice as many words as their classmates. A result that also applies in the long term. When they were subjected to the same tests many months later, they still had them in their memory. The researcher believes that these results should open the door to a new form of foreign language learning. “Most people regularly remember the words they heard in songs. The whole question is whether the melody provides an additional marker in the learners’ memory”, while specifying that this type of method is already in use among the youngest. The use of singing is already obvious in primary and middle school. For the learner, melodies are a speech facilitator. “The practice of language through songs promotes the acquisition of the musicality of the language. It also makes it possible to identify the sound components of language. The syllabization and the rhymes indicate the internal rhythm of the sentence and help the child to restore the melodic curve of a sentence”, underlined the Ministry of National Education, in a report in 2008.</text>
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                <text>Makria, Souhila</text>
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                <text>2014-12-31</text>
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                <text>The Maghrebi and the Osmanli in the Strategy of Carlos V
This article has a double objective. On the one hand, it shows the strategy followed by Emperor Charles V for the hegemony of the Mediterranean and his confrontation with the Muslim emperor Suleiman the Magnificent and, on the other hand, his envy of keeping the North African territories inherited from his maternal grandparents to transmit them to his own son Felipe II. Well, this champion embraced the well-known topic the logo of peace between Christians and war against the infidels. It can be said that it was the same strategy as Fernando and Isabel but with little difference is that with Carlos one can speak of the absolute evolution of the degree of hostility against the Muslim world. The Muslim world that has coexisted with the Christian world for almost eight centuries has already returned as the opposite, enemy and Islamophobe. In our study we will try to show the catholicity of Carlos V against the Osmanli and the Maghrebi, as well as see the strategy followed by Carlos V, to stop the Turkish expansion in the Mediterranean and the corsair boom.</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/820</text>
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                <text>spa</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/820/689</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 131-139</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326649">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326650">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i2</text>
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                <text>Charles V</text>
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                <text>Mediterranean</text>
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                <text>Suleiman the Magnificent</text>
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                <text>Strategy</text>
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                <text>Charles V</text>
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                <text>Mediterranean</text>
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                <text>Suleiman the Magnificent</text>
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                <text>Strategy</text>
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                <text>Hostility</text>
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                <text>North Africa</text>
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                <text>Lo Magrebi y Lo Osmanli en La Estrategia de Carlos V</text>
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                <text>Aïssa-Kolli , Khaldia</text>
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                <text>Characterizations of the Maghrebi woman in Izuran and La Scaléra by Fatéma Bakha
The woman has long been on the margins. She differs from the man by her secondary nature but she has maintained the reins of power and the forefront in the various writings, since the dawn of time, as being pampered and adulated. Before accessing the idealized image of a high-value mother, the woman as a wife was submissive, endurance and suffering took over. In this incredible imbroglio posed by all the responsibilities expected of a woman, the modern woman remains the equal if not the parallel of the traditional woman. If it is not the fact that the modern woman is distinguished by her erudition and her financial liberation which allowed her to enjoy amenities worthy of alleviating her life. The author's vision is to highlight the change in the social status of woman after the dominant position fluttered towards that of the dominated. Consequently, this overlap allowed her to access a higher rank than that of a man without generalizing her extent in a community. The author's reflection on a major subject such as the status of woman aims to show its complexity. The typology of the female characters presented resulted in distinguishing the different facets (mother, wife, modern, traditional woman) attributed to her. This allowed us to see the different roles embodied by women. An exemplary and maternal woman following the example of the mother and the wife but considered an inferior being because she was constantly alienated from frustrations and endurances. The education and emancipation of modern women have enabled them to revolt and improve their living conditions, those of their children and even of their husbands. The author has insisted on the condition of women since prehistory with a positive and rewarding image to show that women are big enough to be alongside men and support them in their journey. In this militant approach, the author intends to show her vision of the world towards the status of women, which must change towards a dynamic of progress and fulfilment.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/819</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i2.819</text>
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                <text>fra</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326614">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/819/687</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326616">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 20-28</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326617">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>1112-3974</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i2</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Woman</text>
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                <text>mother</text>
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                <text>wife</text>
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                <text>submission</text>
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                <text>Woman</text>
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                <text>mother</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326634">
                <text>Les caractérisations de la femme  maghrébine dans Izuran et La Scaléra de Fatéma Bakhaï</text>
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                <text>Elkeurti, Naima</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Stylistic Apparoach of the Literary Text
In this article we question the possibility of approaching the literary text in class ELF. We believe that the stylistic literary text would facilitate the implementation of the referent word that the text is given. We will try to see an experiment with students in fourth grade classic license, how to get a student from another culture have sensitivity, subjectivity and pleasure in the operation of a literary text. Adapted to the needs of learners’ stylistic approach could facilitate the meeting with this sensitive part of the literature. It would be a more effective way to combine the study of language to the study of literature. What teachers notice in class is that the foreign language works in a vacuum, its structure remains incomprehensible, see complex for students. By opting for a stylistic approach students are introduced to the operation of the French language, discover the different forms it can take, experience the different ways it can mean.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326589">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 169-180</text>
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                <text>Style</text>
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                <text>L’approche Stylistique du Texte Littéraire</text>
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                <text>In most Arabic countires, there is a diglossic situation where two variteis are in use, namely Fusha and Darija. The former is the high variety that is considered as a formal language and functions as the official statanrd language in all Arab countirs and the latter is a low variey and can be considered as colloquial Arabic. Fusha can be seen as the modern descendant of Classical Arabic which is mainly used for writing in formal discourse in the Arab world and is learned through formal education. Darija, however, represents the mother tongue that is learned naturally and can be distinguished in a number of varieties that differ along geographical lines. The present paper focuses on the relationship between the Arabic diglosic situation and education. In such educaltional contexts, Fusha can be seen as a second language but in terms of teaching methodologies It is approached as the first language. This sociolinguistic situation delays literacy acquisition due to a lack of transparent relation between speech and literacy. There is a widespread of functional literacy due to diglossia, which has a negative effect on children’s aability to acquire reading and writing skills in Fusha. Continuous efforts to improve language policies in the Arab world are taking place, most of these attempts focus on pedagogical and linguistic suggestions to facilitate the learning of Fusha, while ignoring the diglossic situation and its effects on the learning process.</text>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326562">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/817</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i2.817</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326566">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/817/686</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326567">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 13 No 2 (2014): Traduction et Langues Volume: 13 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2014; 51-55</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="326568">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="326569">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="326570">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v13i2</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>Arabic</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="326572">
                <text>darija</text>
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                <text>diaglossia</text>
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                <text>education</text>
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                <text>fusha</text>
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                <text>Diaglossia and Educational  Development</text>
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