3 10 73 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Baki, Touhami شرياف, زهرة Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-10-01 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource As part of this numerical study, we attempted to analyze the sliding and detachment of a vapor bubble after it grew on a heated plate in a convective flow. We then proceeded to simulate the sliding process and the detachment of a vapor bubble located in a channel. The fluid has a flow velocity varying from 0.4 to 1 m/s. The contact angle of the bubble with the hot wall was taken equal to 44, 54, and 64°. We followed the evolution of the time and the distance of sliding until the detachment of the bubble. The contours of temperature and the coefficient of heat transfer were also analyzed.       هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة مشكلات الإدارة الصفية التي تواجه أساتذة التعليم المتوسط بمتوسطة الأمير عبد القادر بيوب ولاية سعيدة. تكونت عينة الدراسة من 22 أستاذ، (13) أستاذة و(9) أساتذة باختلاف تخصصاتهم، ولتحقيق الأهداف تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي. تم استخدام استبيان من اعداد الباحثة لمعرفة المشكلات التي يواجهها أساتذة التعليم المتوسط في الإدارة الصفية وبعد التأكد من صلاحية استعماله بعرضه على مجموعة من السادة المحكين وحساب الصدق والثبات. كما تمت معالجة البيانات باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (spss) نسخة 22 و24.        وقد توصلت النتائج إلى: أن مستوى مشكلات في الإدارة الصفية لدى أساتذة التعليم المتوسط مرتفع. لا يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في مشكلات الإدارة الصفية التي تواجه أساتذة التعليم المتوسط. لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين بين متوسطات درجات تقدير مشكلات الإدارة الصفية لدى أساتذة التعليم المتوسط تعزى لمتغير عدد سنوات الخبرة (1-5 سنوات،6-10سنوات، أكثر من ذلك). This study aims to know the classroom management problems that face teachers at El-Amir Abdul Qader middle school in Youb province, Wilaya of Saida. The study sample consists of 22 teachers (13 females and 9 males) from different specializations. For the purpose of the study, the descriptive approach has been adopted. For the collection of data, a research questionnaire has been designed by the researcher. The validity of the questionnaire is verified by a group of referees and its honesty and stability is calculated. The statistical analysis of data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22 and 24, leads to the following conclusions: * The level of classroom management problems among middle school teachers is high. * There are no statistically significant differences in the classroom management problems that face middle school teachers *There are no statistically significant differences between the average degrees of estimation of classroom management problems among middle school teachers due to the variable of experience (1-5 years, 6-10 years, more than that). Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/10 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/465 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.465 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 30-39 Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 30-39 2830-814X 10.57137/jae.v1i1 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 523-536 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 523-536 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 523-536 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource Bubble Sliding Detachment Contact angle Thermal boundary layer classroom management problems teachers middle school level مشكلات الإدارة الصفية الأساتذة، مرحلة التعليم المتوسط Title A name given to the resource Flow velocity effect on the sliding and detachment of a bubble مشكلات الإدارة الصفية لدى أساتذة مرحلة التعليم المتوسط دراسة ميدانية بمتوسطة الأمير عبد القادر بولاية سعيدة Classroom Management Problems among Middle School Teachers A field Study at the El-Amir Abdul Qader Middle School- Wilaya of Saida Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Language A language of the resource ara Relation A related resource http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/465/317 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Naas, Toufik Kezrane, Cheikh Lasbet, Yahia باهي, حياة عباد, أحمد أحمد Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-10-01 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource Mixed convection is studied numerically to investigate the performance of the better heat transfer and also the effective cooling in a vented cylinder cavity, which is covered by two rotating discs. An external airflow enters the enclosure through an opening in the bottom vertical side and exits from another opening in the top of the opposite vertical one. The bottom disc is kept at a constant temperature, while the other sides are adiabatic. CFD code is used to solve the governing equations (continuity, momentum, and energy equations). The calculus is carried out for different values of Ri = Gr/Re² (0.1 ≤ Ri  ≤  20). Nusselt numbers, velocity and temperature profiles, and heat transfer rate are presented and compared to the literature. يسلط هذا المقال الضوء على الأهداف التعليمية التي يقوم عليها تدريس اللغات الأجنبية و التي يتقاطع مشوارها مع الترجمة كتطبيق بيداغوجي و كنشاط تواصلي إذ أن معظم برامج تعليم اللغات، و على رأسها الإطار المرجعي الأوروبي المشترك للغات الذي وضعه المجلس الأوروبي عام 2001، تستعمل هذه المادة لتحقيق  العديد من هذه الأهداف. فما هي الأهداف التي تتأسس عليها البرامج الجامعية لتعليم اللغات الأجنبية عموما؟ و هل تساعد الترجمة حقا في تحقيق هذه الأهداف؟ من خلال هذه الدراسة سنحاول الإجابة على هذه الإشكاليات الهامة التي تستمد أهميتها من ضرورة التعليم عن طريق الأهداف و تحديد ما يجب تعلمه خلال مرحلة التكوين لإنجاح البرنامج التعليمي. و من بين أبرز النتائج التي تتوصل إليها هذه الدراسة هي أهمية الترجمة في تقديم نموذج واضح لإكساب الكفاءات المتعلقة باللغة واستخدامها و دورها في تطوير المناهج وتوجّه عمليتي التعليم والتعلّم. This article highlights the didactical goals on which the teaching of foreign languages is based, and which comes across translation as a pedagogical practice and as a communication activity, as most language teaching programs, starting by the CEFR established by Council of Europe in 2001, use this subject to achieve many of these objectives. So what are the objectives that university programs for teaching foreign languages are based on? And does translation really help in achieving these goals? Through this study, we will try to answer to these questions, which importance derives from the need of teaching by objectives nowadays and defining what must be learned during the training for the success of the teaching program. Among the most prominent results of this research is how translation important in providing a clear model for acquiring language-related competencies and its role in developing curricula and guiding both of teaching and learning processes. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/9 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/463 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.463 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 20-29 Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 20-29 2830-814X 10.57137/jae.v1i1 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 511-522 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 511-522 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 511-522 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource Mixed convection Cooling Nusselt numbers Richardson number تعليم اللغات الترجمة التعليم بالأهداف سوق العمل languages teaching translation teaching by objectives labor market Title A name given to the resource Cooling and heat transfer efficiency of a Newtonian fluid in a vented duct التكوين عن طريق الأهداف نموذج الترجمة في أقسام اللغات Training by objectives Translation model in language departments Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Language A language of the resource ara Relation A related resource http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/463/315 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sifi, Ibtissem Ghellai, Nassera Menni, Younes Ameur, Houari العابد, نائلة Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-10-01 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource Since the beginning of the 1990s, a renewed interest for the thermoelectric appeared, due in particular to the emergence of environmental concerns regarding the gases used in refrigeration and emissions of greenhouse gases as well as the willingness to develop alternative sources of energy. The generation of current by thermoelectric effect appears as an interesting source to relieve the problems existing energy, capitalizing on the transformation of the enormous quantities of heat lost identified for example, by cars, to useful energy. The objective of the present analysis is the study and modeling of a thermoelectric generator. In the work of realization of a thermoelectric generator, a fan has been used to cool the latter during the generation of the electric current with a speed of cooling ranging from 0 to 12 m/s. The characteristic of the energy collected at the terminals of the electrical resistance as a function of temperature is a rising curve up to a maximum value of flow (Qmax = 80.4 W) and then decreasing, so we can say that the thermoelectric a non-linear effect of temperature. The maximum value of the performance is 22.55%. Therefore 22.55% of the thermal energy is transferred into electrical energy through the thermoelectric module of a length X of the order of 0.16 m.         تكمن أهمية هذه الدراسة في كونها تسلط الضوء على أحد أهم الأحداث التاريخية التي يشهدها القرن الحادي والعشرين ألا وهي الحرب الروسية الأوكرانية والتي ألقت بظلالها على العلاقات الدولية من الناحية العملية والفكرية ، لكونها قد مست مجمل التفاعلات في النظام الدولي الحالي ، كما تجسد ولأول مرة ومنذ أوائل التسعينيات من القرن الماضي عودة صريحة لأنماط مألوفة للصراعات في تاريخ العلاقات الدولية نظرا لتوسعها على نحو ينذر باندلاع حرب كبرى تقف فيها قوى عظمى متنافسة على طرفي نقيض. وفي حين لا تزال هذه الحرب في مراحلها المبكرة التي لم تصل إلى مستوى الدمار الشامل الذي أحدثته حروب تاريخية أخرى ولا يزال من المبكر قياس الأثر الكامل لها غير أنه قد بات من الواضح أن تداعياتها متعددة الأبعاد لا تقتصر على المجال العسكري أو الميدان السياسي والاقتصادي فقط . لقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن الحرب قد عززت الانقسام بين الشرق والغرب وهي تمثل بداية اختبار لنفوذ القوى العظمى لتصبح قضية دولية تعنى فيها كل الفواعل بتحقيق مصالحها القومية ، وتبقى انعكاساتها على البيئة الدولية والآثار المستقبلية لها مرهونة بالتطورات الدبلوماسية والعسكرية أيضا . The importance  of this study lies in the fact that it sheds light on one of the most important historical events in the Twenty-First century, which is The Russian-Ukrainian war which cast a shadow on international relations from a practical and theoretical sides, as it affected the overall interactions in the current system, and it represents for the first time since the early nineties of the last century an explicit return to familiar patterns of conflicts in the history of international relations  due to its expansion in a way that portends the outbreak  of a major war in which competing great powers stand on opposite sides  .While this war is still in its early stages , it hasn’t  reached the level of mass destruction caused by other historical wars, and it is still too early to measure its full impact .However , it has become clear that its multidimensional repercussions are not limited to the military or political and economic fields only. The study concluded that the war has reinforced the division between East and West, it represents the beginning of a test for the influence of the great powers ,it’s an international issue in which all actors are concerned to achieve their national interests , well its repercussions on the international environment and its future effects depend on diplomatic and military development as well . Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/8 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/459 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.459 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 11-19 Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 11-19 2830-814X 10.57137/jae.v1i1 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 498-510 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 498-510 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 498-510 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource Electrical circuit Electrical resistance Electrical energy Converter DC-DC Battery Thermoelectric generator الحرب الروسية الأوكرانية أوراسيا صراع القوى العظمى جيوبوليتيك التحالفات Russian-Ukrainian war Eurasia great power struggle geopolitics alliances Title A name given to the resource Investigation of the efficiency of a thermoelectric generator تداعيات الحرب الروسية الأوكرانية على العلاقات الدولية Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Language A language of the resource ara Relation A related resource http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/459/313 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource rehala, zahra بوقاره, صالح Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-07-08 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource Unilateral renal agenesis is a congenital malformation characterized by the complete absence of one kidney. Megaureters, on the other hand, are urinary tract anomalies characterized by abnormal dilation of the ureters, resulting in obstruction of urine flow. This case study aims to analyze the impact of unilateral renal agenesis on the development of megaureters and the obstruction of urine flow through the ureter. Follow-up of a patient from fetal age to five years of age highlights the correlation between unilateral renal agenesis and the accelerated development of obstructive megaureters. The results showed that the absence of a functional kidney was associated with the presence of voluminous megaureters, leading to obstruction of urine flow. This study highlights the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms of these malformations and developing optimal management strategies to prevent renal failure in patients with unilateral renal agenesis and obstructive megaureters. تحاول هذه الدراسة تسليط الضوء على ديناميكيات التعاون والتنافس في السياسة الخارجية لدولتي تركيا وإيران تجاه الأزمات التي شهدها دول الجوار العربي انطلاقا من الأزمة العراقية منذ 2003 والأزمة السورية منذ 2011 ، حيث شكلت هذه الأزمات منطلق التعاون والتنافس بين الدولتين .  تؤدي جملة من المحددات الداخلية والخارجية دورا مهما في تفسير جوانب التعاون والتنافس التركي – الإيراني تجاه الأزمتين العراقية والسورية ، فإذا كانت المخاوف الأمنية المشتركة المتعلقة بالدعم الخارجي لمشروع الدولة الكردية ، بالإضافة إلى الاعتماد الاقتصادي المتبادل متغيرات مهمة في تفسير التعاون بين الدولتين ، فإن الرغبة نحو الهيمنة الإقليمية بما يمتلكه الطرفان من إرث إمبراطوري وتوفرهما على مقومات القوة الإقليمية متغيرات مهمة في تفسير جوانب التنافس بين الدولتين . This study attempts to highlight the dynamics of cooperation and competition in the foreign policy of Turkey and Iran towards the regional crises in the Arab region, starting from the Iraqi crises since 2003 and Syrian crisis since 2011 where these crises formed a starting point for cooperation and competition between the two countries.  A number of internal and external determinants play an important role in explaining the aspects of Turkish-Iranian cooperation and competition towards the Iraqi and Syrian crises . If common security concerns about external support for the Kurdish state project in the Middle East as well as mutual economic interdependence are important variables in explaining the cooperation between the two countries , the desire for regional hegemony with the imperial heritage which the two sides possess and their availability on the components of regional power , are important variables in explaining the aspects of competition between the two States . Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/6 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/457 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.457 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 49-58 Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 49-58 2830-814X 10.57137/jae.v1i1 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource unilateral renal agenesis, megaureters, obstruction of urine flow through the urinary tract, congenital renal malformations Arab Neighborhood Competition Cooperation Iran Turkey إيران التعاون التنافس الجوار العربي تركيا Title A name given to the resource The impact of anatomical variations and renal malformations on the flow of urine through the megaureters and the occurrence of renal failure التعاون والتنافس في السياسة الخارجية لدولتي تركيا وايران تجاه أزمتي العراق(منذ2003)وسورية(منذ2011) Cooperation and Competition in Turkish and Irani Foreign Policy Towards Iraqi crisis (since2003) and Syria crisis (since2011) Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Language A language of the resource ara Relation A related resource http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/457/308 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sahel, Djamel سيب, عبد الرزاق Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2022-10-01 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource In this study, a numerical analysis is carried out to optimize the pin fins heat sink (PFHS) performance. The investigation is conducted by using Comsol Multiphysics v.5.4 software based on the finite elements method (FEM). The effect of the perforation space through the pin fins is tested. Five configurations are proposed for investigation: cylindrical pin fins (CPFs) and PFHS-1 to 4. The fluid flow and convective heat transfer characteristics are analyzed for Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 8,547 to 21,367. The results found that PFHS-1 creates an enhanced heat transfer execution with a moderate pressure drop. In addition, this case ensures the highest hydrothermal performance factor of 1.34. The comparison is reported for CPFs available in the literature, where a satisfactory agreement is observed. تتناول هذه الدراسة دور الدين وعلاقته بالصحة النفسية، حيث تركز على الدين كعنصر من العناصر المساهمة في بناء الشخصية،  وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى ارتباط الدين  بالصحة النفسية، بالإضافة إلى التعرف على مظاهر الصحة النفسية لطلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية بجامعة تلمسان ومحاولة دراسة الفروق بينهما، وكذا دراسة الفرق بينهما في متغير الدين. حيث تتكون عينة الدراسة من 100 طالب وطالبة منهم 60 طالبا من قسم علم النفس و40 طالبا من قسم الشريعة الإسلامية، وقد تم استخدام الأدوات التالية: (مقياس الصحة النفسية للشباب، ومقياس الممارسات الدينية).  وقد أسفرت الدراسة على النتائج التالية: أنه توجد علاقة ارتباطية دالة إحصائيا بين الدين والصحة النفسية. لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين طلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية من حيث الصحة النفسية. توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين طلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية من حيث الممارسات الدينية. This study dealt with religious and their relationship to mental health, as it focused on the variable of religiosity as an element of the cultural elements that contribute to building personality. Islamic University of Tlemcen and an attempt to study the differences between them, as well as the study of the difference between them in the variable religious. The size of the studied sample was 100 students, including 60 students from the Department of Psychology and 40 students from the Department of Islamic Law. The following tools were used: (Youth Mental Health Scale, and Religious Scale). The study resulted in the following results: There is a statistically significant correlation between religious practices and mental health. There are no statistically significant differences between students of the Department of Psychology and students of Islamic law in terms of mental health. There are statistically significant differences between students of the Department of Psychology and students of Islamic law in terms of religious practices. The study also reached the following conclusions: Emphasis in the educational process on the development of religious and moral trends through the various institutions of socialization. The process of guiding and treating individual disorders should take into account all aspects of personality, including religious and cultural values ​​because of their importance in the process of psychological and social adjustment Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/3 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/452 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.452 Language A language of the resource eng ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/3/2 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/452/306 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 1-10 Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 1-10 2830-814X 10.57137/jae.v1i1 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource Heat sink Heat dissipation Pin fins Perforation Performance الدين الصحة النفسية الاضطرابات النفسية الثقافة religious mental health mental disorders culture Title A name given to the resource Perforation space impact on the heat dissipation performance in pin fins heat sinks دور الدين في الصحة النفسية للطالب الجامعي The role of religion in the mental health of the university student Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource BEN ALI, Fouad Abdelmonem ZRIBI, Ali عمّاد, العيد Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-30 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource Après un premier volume contenant plusieurs textes se rapportant au colloque sur « L’architecture troglodytique, sauvegarde, valorisation et développement soutenable » tenu les 24 et 25 décembre 2022 à Gafsa (Tunisie), nous introduisons aujourd‟hui, le deuxième volume qui contient les neuf textes qui ont été acceptés après évaluation par les pairs. Il s‟agit d‟une centaine de pages produites par des chercheur.es de diverses spécialités : des architectes, des designers et des historiens. Les mots clefs transversaux relayés par eux sont : patrimoine, l‟architecture troglodytique, Tunisie, et surtout dans ses régions du Sud, les menaces qui pèsent sur le patrimoine, la problématique de sa conservation et sauvegarde et, in fine, la reconversion et la valorisation de ce patrimoine en croissance et développement économique et sociale durable.Les textes ont traité de divers sites, villages et des habitations humaines dans des lieux très connus en Tunisie : Matmata, Toujène, Sned Jebel, Gafsa, etc. Certains ont une valeur touristique et sont reconnus à l‟échelle nationale et internationale. D‟autres le sont moins ou sont au début d‟un processus de patrimonialisation itérative et parfois problématique.L‟effort fourni par les auteurs pour étudier des cas d‟une grande originalité permet de reconstruire et valider un réseau de concepts dont l‟importance est capitale dans la mise en intelligibilité de la démarche patrimoniale. Certains nécessitent approfondissement et surtout articulation par rapport aux objets de recherche traités par les uns et par les autres. Celui de la « ressource patrimoniale » est une entrée fructueuse pour aborder d‟une manière synthétique des études de cas aussi variées. En fait, une ressource patrimoniale est l‟ensemble des ressources disponibles sur un lieu, un espace précis dont la gestion est réglée par le double souci d‟en conserver l‟usufruit et d‟en assurer la transmission. Cela implique que toute approche du patrimoine se fonde sur le concept de ressource, à savoir un bien qui préexiste ou qui est produit pour être valorisé dans un contexte économique, culturel et technologique.  يعتبر الفعل المقاولاتي بمثابة أحد المكونات الرئيسية للنظام الرأسمالي المبني على الانفتاح على الطرف الآخر من خلال تبادل الأفكار والأفعال ذات الأهمية المشتركة، ذلك أنّ المقاولاتية لازمت الرأسمالية من الناحية العملية والتنظيرية لها منذ البدايات الأولى لها، وهذا باعتبار الفعل المقاولاتي هو الوجه الآخر للنظام الرأسمالي، وهذا الذي سنعمل على توظيفه من خلال ورقتنا البحثية هاته، بمعنى أنّنا سنقوم بالبحث في الأفعال والظواهر ذات العلاقة والتأثير المباشر والمتبادل مع الفعل المقاولاتي من المنظور السوسيولوجي، ومن ثمّة محاولة لتقديم نوع من الأطر التنظيرية ذات الصلة بالفعل المقاولاتي. The entrepreneurial act is considered as one of the main components of the capitalist system based on openness to the other party through the exchange of ideas and actions of common importance, because entrepreneurship has been associated with capitalism from a practical and theoretical point of view since its early beginnings, and this is given that the entrepreneurial act is the other side of the capitalist system, and this Which we will work to employ through our research paper, meaning that we will research the actions and phenomena related to the direct and mutual influence with the entrepreneurial act from a sociological perspective, and then there is an attempt to present a kind of theoretical frameworks related to the entrepreneurial act. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/104 10.35788/uab.v2i2.104 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/450 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.450 Language A language of the resource fra ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AJPS Publications Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/104/49 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/450/304 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023) URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia 2830-9618 10.35788/uab.v2i2 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource Français Architecture Troglodyte sauvegarde mise en valeur développement durable المقاول المقاولة الفعل الاجتماعي التّحليل السوسيولوجي entrepreneur entrepreneurship social action sociological analysis Title A name given to the resource ARCHITECTURE TROGLODYTIQUE Sauvegarde, Mise en valeur et Développement durable TOME 2 الفعل المقاولاتي كمادة للتّحليل السّوسيولوجي The entrepreneurial act as a subject of sociological analysis Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Proceedings et Rapports Proceedings et Rapports info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource SOUISSI, Hazar BEN MEDIEN, Olfa لحميدي, عادل Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-30 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource The medina as a trace and witnesses of our past, are they able to have a present and a future by adapting? These vulnerable territories need to be resilient in order to overcome the risks to which they are exposed. These ancient fabrics, designed according to ancient logics, must adapt to modern mobility and technologies’ requirements; They must face new social logics and new governance’s ways. Competing with the new centralities, they face their own functional vulnerability. They have to adapt to the climate change’s vagaries and meet sustainability standards. Through empirical work, it studies the stakeholder’s system and the resilience of the medina of Tunis. The approach proposes to assess the resilience of the medina, as an urban fabric, social system, governance system, and architectural design, by studying the hazards the system faces and the forms of vulnerabilities it exhibits. The article demonstrates that the Tunis medina is a fabric that has shown adaptability to the risks and natural and anthropogenic hazards it has encountered - crises and socio-economic changes, heritage degradation, rural exodus, health crises - and especially its bioclimatic design makes it more resilient to new climate challenges. However, the study identified a set of physical, social, systemic, and organizational vulnerabilities that hinder resilience and the protection of human, economic, as well as architectural and urban heritage interests Les médinas, traces et témoins de notre passé, sont-elles capables d’avoir un présent et un futur en s’adaptant ?  Ces territoires vulnérables sont appelés à être résilients pour pouvoir dépasser les risques auxquels ils sont exposés. Ces tissus anciens, conçus selon des logiques anciennes, doivent s’adapter aux exigences des mobilités et des technologies modernes ; Ils doivent faire face aux nouvelles logiques sociales et nouveaux modes de gouvernance ; Concurrencés par les nouvelles centralités, ils doivent faire face à la vulnérabilité fonctionnelle. Ils sont appelés de s’adapter aux aléas des changements climatiques et répondre aux normes de la durabilité. A travers, un travail empirique et de la littérature, la contribution étudie le jeu des acteurs, les modalités  et la capacité de résilience de la médina de Tunis. La démarche propose d’évaluer la résilience de la médina, en sa qualité de tissu urbain, système social et de gouvernance et conception architecturale, en étudiant les aléas auxquels le système fait face et les formes de vulnérabilités qui le marque. L’article montre que la médina de Tunis est un tissu qui a montré des capacités d’adaptation aux risques et aux aléas naturels et anthropiques qu’il a connus – crises et changements socio-économiques, dégradation du patrimoine, exode rural, crise sanitaire - et surtout sa conception bioclimatique le rendant plus résilient face aux nouveaux défis climatiques. Toutefois, l’étude a identifié un ensemble de vulnérabilités physiques, sociales et systémiques et organisationnelles entravant la résilience et la protection des enjeux humains, économiques en plus du patrimoine architectural et urbain. هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن آثار أساليب القيادة التبادلية على تحسن الأداء العمال في مؤسسة كوندور ببرج بوعريريج، بالإضافة إلى التعرف على الاختلاف في تصور عينة الدراسة حول أساليب القيادة التبادلية وتحسن أداء العمال في المؤسسة، بحيث يعزى هذا الاختلاف إلى الجنس، العمر، التحصيل العلمي، عدد سنوات الخبرة والموقع الوظيفي. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قام الباحث بتصميم استبانة شملت (33) فقرة وذلك لجمع المعلومات الأولية من عينة الدراسة. على ضوء ذلك جرى جمع البيانات وتحليلها واختبار الفرضيات باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم (spss) حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (84) موظفا.وتم استخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة. وبعد إجراء عملية التحليل للبيانات توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها:وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لأسلوب القيادة التبادلية توفر مستلزمات الأداء على تحسن أداء العمال عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)،عدم وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لأسلوب القيادة التبادلية بالاستثناء الساكنة على تحسن أداء العمال عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)،وجود اختلاف ذي دلالة إحصائية في وجهات نظر عينة الدراسة حول أساليب القيادة التبادلية وتحسن لأداء العمال تبعا لاختلاف) لجنس، العمر، التحصيل العلمي، عدد سنوات الخبرة والموقع الوظيفي عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) The study aimed to reveal the effects of the mutual leadership methods on improving the performance of workers at the Condor Foundation in Bordj Bou Arreridj, in addition to identifying the difference in the perception of the study sample about the methods of mutual leadership and the improvement in the performance of workers in the institution, so that this difference is attributed to gender, age, and educational attainment. Number of years of experience and position. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher designed a questionnaire that included (33) items in order to collect primary information from the study sample. In light of this, data were collected, analyzed and hypotheses tested using the statistical package for science (spss), where the study sample consisted of (84) employees. Several statistical methods were used to achieve the objectives of the study, and after conducting the analysis of the data, the study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: - There is a statistically significant effect of the reciprocal leadership style and the availability of performance requirements on improving the performance of workers at the level of significance (0.05). - There is no statistically significant effect of the reciprocal leadership style, with the exception of static, on improving the performance of workers at the level of significance (0.05). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/101 10.35788/uab.v2i2.101 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/448 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.448 Language A language of the resource fra ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AJPS Publications Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/101/48 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/448/302 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 46-66 URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 46-66 2830-9618 10.35788/uab.v2i2 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource mutations résilience adaptation la médina de tunis vulnérabilité mutations résilience adaptation la médina de Tunis vulnérabilité القيادة الاساليب القيادية العمال تحسين الاداء leadership leadership styles workers improving performance Title A name given to the resource La médina de Tunis de la vulnérabilité à la résilience أثر أساليب القيادة التبادلية على تحسين أداء العمال في مؤسسة كوندور ببرج بوعريريج The effect of transactional leadership styles on improving workers' performance at Condor Corporation in Bordj Bou Arreridj Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Articles info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ajmi, Rania Khebour Allouche, Faiza Taîbi, Aude Nuscia Bel Fekih Boussema, Safa حباش , فاطمة Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-30 2023-01-20 Description An account of the resource Cet article examine les caractéristiques patrimoniales des espaces verts publics urbains de Sousse, en Tunisie, qui sont apparus avec l'établissement et le développement de la ville européenne pendant la période coloniale française. En effet, la ville de Sousse a gardé peu de traces du végétal de ses grandes phases urbaines précédentes, arabo-musulmane et antique. Dans un premier temps, une recherche bibliographique a été menée pour étudier le processus d'implantation et de développement de la "Ville Nouvelle" européenne, notamment à travers la lecture de documents d'archives, de plans architecturaux, de cartes postales et de photographies aériennes anciennes datant de 1952. Dans un deuxième temps, l'article met en évidence les caractéristiques des espaces verts coloniaux, leur évolution de leur création à nos jours et leur état actuel, à travers une analyse paysagère. Les résultats ont montré que l'état de ce patrimoine vert colonial s'est détérioré, malgré les nombreuses initiatives prises par la municipalité pour améliorer leur qualité. Ceci traduit son inadaptation aux contextes sociaux de la ville, notamment les besoins des habitants. Ces résultats montrent l’intérêt qu’il y a àprendre en compte la perception des habitants par les décideurs, pour améliorer la qualité de ces espaces et assurer le bien-être de la population locale.  ملخص: لكي نحدد بموضوعية وعلمية نشاط الصحافة الجزائرية بمختلف اتجاهاتها السياسية وأبعادها ضمن النشاط السياسي للحركة الوطنية الجزائرية ونضالها ضد الاستعمار الفرنسي نصرة للقضية الوطنية، يستدعي منا عدم الاكتفاء بالتطرق إلى صحافة بعض الاتجاهات كالاتجاه الاستقلالي، أو الإصلاحي، والبحث في حيثيات نشاطهم ومواقفهم ناهيك عن تتبع مسارهم النضالي ضد السلطة الاستعمارية، بل الطرح العلمي والأكاديمي يتطلب منا تحليل الموضوع بموضوعية تامة تقتضي الإلمام الشامل بكل الأطراف من التيارات التي كونت الحركة الوطنية الجزائرية انطلاقا من العمل الصحفي، منها صحافة الشيوعيين التي تحسب على التيار اليساري. وهي إذن محور البحث في هذه المداخلة حيث سنحاول معرفة أهم المواقف والقضايا التي طرحت على مستوى الصحافة الشيوعية فيما يخص القضية الجزائرية ومسألة النضال الوطني ضد الاحتلال، وللإشارة الدراسة ستكون من نموذج محدد ممثلا في جريدة النضال الاجتماعي أو الكفاح الاجتماعي التي أصبحت لسان حال الحزب الشيوعي الجزائري بعد تأسيسه. أما الإشكالية التي تم طرحها من أجل المعالجة العلمية للموضوع هي : " ما هيى طبيعة ونوعية القضايا التي تم طرحها عبر صفحات هذه الجريدة في إطار مسألة النضال الوطني ضد الاستعمار، كيف تناولت المحطات الرئيسية للنشاط الحركة الوطنية؟ هل كان ذلك وفق الخط الوطني القاضي بتحقيق مصالح ومطامح الجزائريين ؟، وإلى أي مدى ساهمت هذه الجريدة الشيوعية بطابعها الادماجي خدمة القضية الوطنية الجزائرية؟ " Abstract In order to define scientifically the activity of the Algerian press in its various political dimensions within the political work of the Algerian National Movement and its struggle against the French Colonialism, supporting the national issue, it is required to impose the matter and analyze the issue in an academic way including all the parties and trends that formed the Algerian National Movement based on the journalistic work; among the Communist press, related to the Leftist Party. In this regard, this study attempts to identify the most important attitudes and issues tackled by the Communist press with regard to the Algerian matter and the issue of the National Struggle against the occupation. To clarify more the subject, the research chose a sample of a newspaper entitled the Social Struggle which was the Algerian Communist Party daily after its founding. Therefore, which kind of articles and issues in the context of the national struggle matter against the French Colonialism did the daily tackle? How did it treat the main stations in the National Movement activity? Was its work in the benefit of the Algerians? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/100 10.35788/uab.v2i2.100 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/402 10.37138/almieyar.v27i2.402 Language A language of the resource fra ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AJPS Publications Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/100/46 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/402/264 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 1-19 URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 1-19 2830-9618 10.35788/uab.v2i2 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i2 Subject The topic of the resource Transformation urbaine Patrimoine Espaces verts publics Sousse Tunisie الجزائر الاستعمار الفرنسي الكفاح الاجتماعي القضية الجزائرية Title A name given to the resource LES ESPACES VERTS DE LA PERIODE COLONIALE A SOUSSE (TUNISIE) : UN RENOUVEAU D’INTERET POUR UN HERITAGE DELAISSE صحافة التيار الشيوعي والقضية الوطنية الجزائرية " جريدة الكفاح الاجتماعي أنموذجا" Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Articles info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource LAYEB, Sana حباطي , عايدة Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-30 2023-01-20 Description An account of the resource This work is the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration involving experts from the disciplines of architecture, urban planning, psychology and signal processing. It explains how to capture the unseizable and evaluate the ambient quality of spaces, as well as the perception of their users. This research places affective experience at the heart of its scientific and pedagogical concerns.  Our main spatial analysis tool was affective response (PENEAU, 2012) to study users' experiences and perceptions in architectural and urban environments. This enabled us to understand how emotions can influence the way we perceive and interact with space. Our research work is divided into two phases (LAYEB et AL., 2014; 2016; 2019; 2022). A first work was dedicated to the urban user experience in downtown Tunis in order to identify stressful spatial and atmospheric configurations that affect the well-being, perception and emotion of the urban user. Our work was then extended to specific users with sensory disorders, whose perception is described as impaired. We followed autistic subjects during their daily journeys in their care centers. We were able to study their sensory profiles (DUNN, 2007) through behavioral analysis. The results of this research open up new avenues of reflection on how we teach architectural and urban design, which can be influenced by users' spatial perceptions and sensitive, affective experiences. Ce travail a été réalisé grâce à une collaboration interdisciplinaire rassemblant des experts de différentes disciplines qui sont l'architecture, l'urbanisme, la psychologie et le traitement du signal. Il explique les modalités pour saisir l’insaisissable et évaluer la qualité ambiantale des lieux ainsi que la perception de ses usagers. Cette recherche met l’expérience affective au cœur de ses préoccupations scientifiques et pédagogiques.  Notre principal outil d’analyse spatiale était la réponse affective (PENEAU, 2012) pour étudier les expériences et les perceptions des utilisateurs dans des environnements architecturaux et urbains. Cela nous a permis de comprendre comment les émotions peuvent influencer la façon dont nous percevons et interagissons avec l'espace. Nos travaux de recherche se divise en deux temps (LAYEB et AL., 2014 ; 2016 ; 2019 ; 2022). Un premier travail a été dédié à l’expérience usagère urbaine au centre-ville de Tunis afin d’identifier des configurations spatiales et atmosphériques stressantes qui affecte le bien-être, la perception et l’émotion de l’usager urbain. Ensuite, notre travail s’est élargi vers des usagers particuliers avec des troubles sensoriels, dont la perception est qualifiée d’altéré. Nous avons suivi des sujets autistes pendant leurs parcours journaliers dans leurs centres d’accueil. Nous avons pu étudier leurs profils sensoriels (DUNN, 2007) à travers l’analyse comportementale. Les résultats de ces recherches ouvrent de nouvelles pistes de réflexion sur la manière dont nous enseignons la conception architecturale et urbaine qui peut être influencée par les perceptions spatiales et les expériences sensibles et affectives des usagers.   تعد جريدة صوت المستضعفين التي أصدرتها جمعية المعلمين من أصل أهلي، لسان حال هذه الفئة النخبة المفرنسة في الجزائر خلال عشرينيات وثلاثينيات القرن العشرين، كان هدف صدورها المصرح به الدفاع عن حقوق المعلمين الذين تقلوا تعليما فرنسيا، والتحقوا بوظيفة التدريس في المدارس الابتدائية الفرنسية، وبذلك كان من المفترض أن تحظى بمكانة في محيطها الاجتماعي، إلا أنها من حيث الواقع والوضعية الاستعمارية عانت من قهر اجتماعي وميز بينها وبين أقرانها من الأوربيين الذين مارسوا نفس الوظيفة، وبنفس المؤهلات العلمية؛ من حيث ساعات العمل والمنح والتقاعد. وعليه نتساءل فيها عن كيفية تتبع الجريدة لمسألة المطالبة بالحقوق الوظيفية للمعلمين من أصل أهلي ؟ ومدى مساهماتها في بلورة العمل النقابي في الجزائر؟ The newspaper La Voix des humbles, published by the Association of Teachers of Civil Origin, is the spokesperson for this French elite in Algeria during the 1920s and 1930s of French primary schools, and therefore were supposed to have a place in their social environment, but in view of the reality and the colonial situation, they suffered from social oppression and distinguished themselves from their European peers who exercised the same profession, and with the same diplomas; In terms of working hours, scholarships and retirement. Accordingly, we ask how does the newspaper follow up on the issue of demanding labor rights for teachers with a family background? And the extent of his contributions to the crystallization of trade union work in Algeria? Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/98 10.35788/uab.v2i2.98 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/401 10.37138/almieyar.v27i2.401 Language A language of the resource fra ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AJPS Publications Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/98/45 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/401/261 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 20-34 URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 20-34 2830-9618 10.35788/uab.v2i2 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i2 Subject The topic of the resource Français Mesure du sensible espace architectural et urbain expérience sensorielle pédagogie Qualité ambiantale Title A name given to the resource L’APPROCHE SENSORIELLE : DE LA PENSEE SCIENTIFIQUE A LA PRATIQUE PEDAGOGIQUE L’APPROCHE SENSORIELLE : DE LA PENSEE SCIENTIFIQUE A LA PRATIQUE PEDAGOGIQUE جذور العمل النقابي في الصحافة الاندماجية، جريدة صوت المستضعفين أنموذجا Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Articles info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Journal of Arts and Humanities Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NAJJAR, ONS GZARA, Raja عبد النوري, زينب أحمد الصيد, نسيمة Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-09-30 2023-01-15 Description An account of the resource The Building Information Modeling (BIM), has become an important issue for the development of construction sector all over the world. States are implementing policies to accelerate the spread of uses and practices. The BIM is identified as a digital process, used to perform the collaboration during the life cycle of a project. According to BIM Fundamentals the 6D dimension is recognized as the sustainable process with an impact on environment and economics study.[1] The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of introducing the digital tool for architecture design at multiple levels to offer a better way to manage projects. Nowadays, BIM offers the opportunity for all construction’s professionals: Architects, Engineers and Constructors, to use it and develop the ability to work more efficiently and effectively. The question is how can we enlarge and generalize the use of BIM in order to have a sustainable architecture? Should we only focus on introducing the process at the university level? Or should we consider also the importance of policies and implementation strategy? Analyzing case studies from all over the world and in particular the leading country in using BIM such as UK, Netherland, France and others, will direct us to understand the best way to implement BIM. The comparison with arid and semi-Arid[2] states can show us the best way to adopt it in this context. The university seems to be a part of the triad that should include also the mandatory of using BIM for public projects, and the need to state employee training.   تعد الإدارة الالكترونية من أبرز التطبيقات العملية التي أخذت تشغل حيزا واسعا، إذ يتطلب استخدامها وعيا وادراكا لطبيعة التحول من الإدارة التقليدية إلى الإدارة الحديثة. فمع زيادة التحول الرقمي للمنظمات صار من الضروري تحويل الملفات الورقية إلى أخرى الكترونية، كما أصبحت العلاقات بين الحكومات والمنظمات والعاملين تنجز عن طريق الشبكات، ومنه السرعة، الكفاءة العالية والفعالية.        وعليه نحاول عرض التطبيقات العملية للإدارة الالكترونية في مركب تكرير البترول بسكيكدة كنموذج يعكس التحول الرقمي للمؤسسة الجزائرية. The electronic management is one of the most prominent practical application that has occupied a wide space, as its use requires awareness and awareness of the nature of the transition from traditional management to modern management. With the increase in the digital transformation of organizations, it has become necessary to convert paper files to electronic once, and the relation between governments, organizations and workers are achieved through networks, including speed, high efficiency and overall effectiveness. Accordingly, we try to present the Practical application of electronic management of the petroleum Refinery in skikda as a model that reflects the digital transformation of the Algerian institution. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/97 10.35788/uab.v2i2.97 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/400 10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.400 Language A language of the resource fra ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AJPS Publications Algeria جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة Relation A related resource http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/97/47 http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/400/265 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 35-45 URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 35-45 2830-9618 10.35788/uab.v2i2 مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433 Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433 2588-2384 1112-4377 10.37138/mieyar.v27i1 Subject The topic of the resource BIM, digital, process, strategy, collaboration, sustainable Practical application management electronic management التطبيقات العملية الادارة الإدارة الالكترونية Title A name given to the resource BIM, as a digital process for sustainable Architecture : BIM as a collaborative process for sustainable design التطبيقات العملية للإدارة الالكترونية بمركب تكرير البترول بسكيكدة Practical application of electronic management of the petroleum Refinery in Skikda Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Articles info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article