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                <text>نتطرق في هذا المقال إلى مناقشة إشكالية الشعر والنثر باعتبارهما شكلين من أشكال الإنتاج الفني تجمعهما جوانب مشتركة، لكن لكل واحد منهما خصائص تميزه عن الآخر. من هذا المنظور، سنختار نهجًا زمنيا يشهد على دينامكية الفكر الإنساني المتصلة بالإبداع الفني. ولمتابعة الديناميكية المعنية واحترام مبدأ سياق كل خطاب، سنننطلق من "La Poétique" و"La Rhétorique" لأرسطو لمتابعة ومساءلة مفاهيم كل من بارت، جينيت جاكوبسون، سارتر، وتدوروف والعديد من المنظرين الآخرين لهذين الجنسين الفنيين .</text>
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                <text>?De La Mobilité De La Poésie Et De La Prose Quels debats? Quels criteres</text>
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                <text>نتطرق في هذا المقال إلى مناقشة إشكالية الشعر والنثر باعتبارهما شكلين من أشكال الإنتاج الفني تجمعهما جوانب مشتركة، لكن لكل واحد منهما خصائص تميزه عن الآخر. من هذا المنظور، سنختار نهجًا زمنيا يشهد على دينامكية الفكر الإنساني المتصلة بالإبداع الفني. ولمتابعة الديناميكية المعنية واحترام مبدأ سياق كل خطاب، سنننطلق من "La Poétique" و"La Rhétorique" لأرسطو لمتابعة ومساءلة مفاهيم كل من بارت، جينيت جاكوبسون، سارتر، وتدوروف والعديد من المنظرين الآخرين لهذين الجنسين الفنيين .</text>
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                <text>Le présent article traite de la problématique de la poésie et de la prose comme deux productions artistiques unies par l’appartenance à un domaine commun, mais différenciées par des caractéristiques singulières. Dans cette optique, nous opterons pour une démarche chronologique qui atteste de la dynamique de la pensée humaine en matière de production artistique. Pour nous inscrire dans la mobilité en question et respecter le principe de la contextualisation de tout discours, nous partirons de «La Poétique» et «La Rhétorique» d’Aristote pour passer en revue les conceptions données à ces deux genres artistiques par Barthes, Genette, Jakobson, Sartre, Todorov, et tant d’autres théoriciens.</text>
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                <text>El ihyaa; Vol. 22 No 1 (2022); 1407-1422</text>
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                <text>?De La Mobilité De La Poésie Et De La Prose Quels debats? Quels criteres</text>
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                  <text>مجلة منار الشرق للتربية و تكنولوجيا التعليم </text>
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                <text>الهدف من هذا المقال هو دراسة وفهم الاستعمال المتناوب للغة العربية والفرنسية في الممارسات اللغوية لدى تلاميذ السنة الخامسة ابتدائي في حصة اللغة الفرنسية وتأثير ذلك على تعليم وتعلم هده اللغة.
قمنا في هذا البحث بوصف خصائص وتفاعل المكتسبات اللغوية في محيط حيث التلاميذ وكذا الأساتذة يستعملون اللغة العربية الدارجة إلى جانب اللغة الفرنسية بالتناوب.</text>
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                <text>L’objectif principal de cette recherche est l’étude, la description et la compréhension des usages alternatifs de l’arabe dialectal et du français dans les pratiques langagières des apprenants et leur impact sur l’enseignement&amp;nbsp;/apprentissage du FLE au cycle primaire.
Il s’agit en effet de décrire les particularités, le fonctionnement et la dynamique des répertoires verbaux dans un contexte où les apprenants de 5ème année primaire comme leurs enseignants ont tendance à alterner arabe dialectal et français.</text>
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                <text>الإحياء; مجلد 22 عدد 1 (2022); 1449-1458</text>
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                <text>El ihyaa; Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022); 1449-1458</text>
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                <text>El ihyaa; Vol. 22 No 1 (2022); 1449-1458</text>
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                <text>تناوب اللغات</text>
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                <text>اللغة الأم</text>
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                <text>Alternance codique</text>
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                <text>langue maternelle</text>
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قمنا في هذا البحث بوصف خصائص وتفاعل المكتسبات اللغوية في محيط حيث التلاميذ وكذا الأساتذة يستعملون اللغة العربية الدارجة إلى جانب اللغة الفرنسية بالتناوب.</text>
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Il s’agit en effet de décrire les particularités, le fonctionnement et la dynamique des répertoires verbaux dans un contexte où les apprenants de 5ème année primaire comme leurs enseignants ont tendance à alterner arabe dialectal et français.</text>
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                <text>هرنون, نصيرة</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;يعود تاريخ ميلاد التسامح في موطنه الاوروبي إلى ما يقارب الثلاثة قرون، لكنه اتخذ صيغته النهائية في نهاية القرن السابع عشر على يد فلاسفة التنوير امثال جون لوك وفولتير وبيير بإيل، وجان جاك روسو وغيرهم......وقد ظهر مفهوم التسامح في الدول الغربية نتيجة الحاجة الملحة لاستقرار وأمن المجتمعات، الغارقة في الحروب الاهلية حيث عاشت أوروبا سنين طويلة، في صراع دموي مذهبي طائفي. انتهت هذه الحروب مع ميلاد مبدأ التسامح الذي حلّ معضلة التعصب الديني و لملَم شتات أوروبا الممزقة وضمّد جراحها و أوقف نزيفها المزمن كما أعطى تقدما باهرا للمجتمعات المدنية و حرر الانسان من الخوف وأرسى قوانين أكثر إنسانية تضمنها ميثاق الأمم المتحدة فيما بعد ، وكل ذلك بفضل جهود أعلام فلسفة الأنوار الذين ينحصر فيهم موضوع بحثنا وقد حددنا مشكلة بحثنا عموما حول التسامح كمفهوم متحول بمعنى أن القصد من مصطلح التسامح يتغير وأن الأوروبيين استغلوا مبدأ التسامح لخدمة مصالحهم ، فماهي التحوُلات التي عرفها معنى التسامح عبر الزمن؟ وكيف تم استغلاله من طرف الأوربيين؟ ما هو مفهومه عند فلاسفة الأنوار خصوصا؟ وماهي التحولات التي عرفها معناه؟ ما هو مفهوم التسامح اليوم؟ من خلال بحثنا انتهينا عند جملة من النتائج التي نحاول من خلالها الاجابة على المشكلة المطروحة وهي كالتالي: مفهوم التسامح كان ديني المولد و قد حمل معنى تقبُل الآخر المختلف في المذهب، لكن مع جون لوك أصبح التسامح يعني التعايش في سلام وحق العيش في سلام كما ارتبط بالحقوق المدنية ، مع بيير بايل ارتبط بمفهوم الرأي العام و الحق في التعددية والاختلاف في الرأي وحرية المعتقد ،ومع فولتير ارتبط بتعايش الأديان والحرية في المعتقد. جميعهم انشغل بسؤال التسامح في ذلك الزمن كما تنشغل به الكثير من الأقلام اليوم العربية منها والغربية على حد سواء وقد أخذ التسامح صورته السياسية في ميثاق الأمم المتحدة أين ارتبط التسامح بالديمقراطية وأصبح مبدأ من مبادئ حقوق الانسان كما بيّنا في المتن. الكلمات المفتاحية: التسامح ،التعدد، الاختلاف، التعايش، الحقوق المدنية، حقوق الانسان، حرية العقيدة، الديمقراطية، ميثاق الأمم المحدة، التسامح مبدأ من مبادئ حقوق الانسان,</text>
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                <text>Changes in the meaning of the concept of tolerance" of philosophers of light to the Charter of the United Nations The birth date of tolerance in its European homeland dates back almost three centuries, but it was finally finalized at the end of the 17th century by the Enlightenment philosophers such as John Locke, Voltaire, Pierre Bale, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and others. Western countries as a result of the urgent need for the stability and security of societies, submerged in civil wars, where Europe has lived for many years, in a bloody sectarian sectarian conflict that burned green and land. This fierce war ended with the birth of the principle of tolerance that solved the dilemma of religious and sectarian fanaticism that plunged Europe into the quagmire of underdevelopment, ignorance and the annexation of Europe's torn societies, covering up its wounds, stopping its chronic bleeding, giving great progress to civil societies, freeing terror and fear and establishing more humane laws Which was included in the Charter of the United Nations later, And all this, thanks to the efforts of the philosophy of lights, in which the subject of our research is limited, and we have identified the problem of our research in general on tolerance as a moving concept in the sense that the intention of the term tolerance changes and that Europeans have taken advantage of the principle of tolerance to serve their interests, what are the transformations that the sense of tolerance has experienced over time? How was it exploited by Europeans? What is its concept among philosophers of light in particular? What transformations did he know its meaning? What is the meaning of the concept of tolerance today? In our research, we concluded with a set of results in which we try to answer the problem at hand: the concept of tolerance was religious-born and carried the meaning of acceptance of the other is different in the doctrine, but with John Locke tolerance has become the coexistence in peace and the right to live in peace as linked With civil rights, Pierre Pyle was associated with the concept of public opinion, the right to pluralism, divergence of opinion and freedom of belief, and Voltaire was associated with the coexistence of religions and freedom of belief. All of them were preoccupied with the question of tolerance at the time, as are many of the pens today, both Arab and Western. Tolerance took its political form in the Charter of the United Nations where tolerance was linked to democracy and became one of the principles of human rights. key words: Tolerance, pluralism, diversity, coexistence, civil rights, human rights, freedom of religion, democracy, the Charter of the United Nations, tolerance is one of the principles of human rights "</text>
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                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 25 عدد 1 (2021): v25i12021; 228-239</text>
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                <text>التسامح</text>
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                <text>التعدد،</text>
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                <text>الاختلاف،</text>
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                <text>التعايش،</text>
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                <text>حرية العقيدة</text>
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                <text>التسامح مبدأ من مبادئ حقوق الانسان,</text>
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                <text>Tolerance</text>
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                <text>the Charter of the United Nations</text>
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                <text>tolerance is one of the principles of human right</text>
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                <text>" تحولات معنى مفهوم التسامح" من فلاسفة الأنوار إلى ميثاق الأمم المتحدة</text>
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                <text>مؤلَّف محكَّم</text>
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                <text>بوعزة , عبد القادر</text>
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                <text>How can we reach the culture in the process?
The problem of culture is not limited to defining its concept, but also lies in the possible way to achieve it in a practical way in our moral and material life. Moreover, the purpose of raising the problem of affliction in this article is to draw attention on the fact that culture includes in its concept, in addition to ideas, the way of life in a particular society on the one hand, and the social behavior that characterizes the actions of the individual on the other hand. The goal of both previous warnings is how the elements of culture become: - Ethics, beauty, practical logic, applied art - Natural elements and phenomena become a positively influential reality in the world of people, the world of ideas and the world of things.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 1 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 1/Août 2013; 161-174</text>
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                <text>" كيف نحقق الثقافة بصورة عملية "</text>
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                <text>" كيف نحقق الثقافة بصورة عملية "</text>
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                <text>يعتبر المورد البشري في عصرنا هذا أحد أبرز ركائز التنمية والتقدم في كافة المجالات، مما جعل الدول والمؤسسات تسعى إلى الاستثمار في رأس مالها البشري وتطوير وتنمية مهاراتها عن طريق أساليب التكوين، بغية تعزيز مناعتها تجاه التطورات الحاصلة وتحقيق التفوق والنجاح في مواكبتها، لذلك هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى توضيح العلاقة بين مستوى ونوعية التكوين وأثره على جاهزية وقدرة مؤسسة الأرشيف الوطني في التعامل مع متغيرات المحيط المؤسساتي، خاصة ما تعلق بتحديات البيئة الرقمية.
وقد اشتملت هذه الدراسة على جانب نظري وآخر ميداني، في حين تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي لوصف الظاهرة المدروسة، بالإضافة إلى الاستبيان كأداة أساسية في جمع البيانات، وخلصت هذه الدراسة إلى جملة من النتائج أهمها عدم رضا الموارد البشرية على تكوينهم الأكاديمي خاصة في شقه التطبيقي وضعف التكوين في الوسط المهني، وكذا اعتماد الموارد البشرية على مجهوداتهم الذاتية في تطوير قدراتهم ومهاراتهم، وفي الأخير فقد اقترحت الدراسة ضرورة الاهتمام بتكوين الموارد البشرية في كافة مراحل مسارهم المهني لضمان تكيفهم مع المستجدات المختلفة</text>
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the descriptive approach was used to describe the studied phenomenon. The study concluded to a number of results, the most important of which are the Human resource dissatisfaction with their academic training, especially in its applied aspect and weak training in the professional field, as well as the dependence of human resources on their own efforts in developing their capabilities and skills.
Finally, the study suggested the necessity of paying attention to training human resources in all stages of their career path to ensure their adaptation to the various developments</text>
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                <text>مجلة جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية; مجلد 34 عدد 3 (2020): v34i32020; 1034-1073</text>
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                <text>لموارد البشرية</text>
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                <text>" مستوى تكوين الموارد البشرية ودوره في تعزيز جاهزية مؤسسة الأرشيف الوطني الجزائري للإيفاء بمتطلبات البيئة الرقمية" "</text>
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                <text>The human resources training level and its role in enhancing the readiness of the Algerian National Archives institution to meet the requir</text>
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                <text>مؤلَّف محكَّم</text>
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