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var str = 'نظرية التلقي وعلاقتها بالأنظمة المعرفية';
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]]>
Cognitive foundations]]>
creative process]]>
reception theory]]>
text.]]>
نظرية التلقي]]>
العملية الإبداعية،]]>
المبدع]]>
النص]]>
الأسس المعرفية.]]>
لقد تمخض عن الانفتاح على الثقافة الغربية ثلة من المناهج النقدية عل شاكلة المنهج النفس ي،والاجتماعي، والبنيوي التكويني أو التكويني. في حين أن منهج التلقي يرتكز على القارئ أثناء تفاعله معالنص الأدبي قصد تأويله وخلق صورة معناه المتخيلة، يهدف هذا المقال إلى تسليط الضوء على مفهومالتلقي من حيث أسسه المعرفية والفلسفية ومن حيث عناصره الإبداعية التي تنتظم في نظرية متناسقة،لها ركائزها وروادها. وخلص الباحث إلى أن النظرة إلى أركان العملية الإبداعية: المبدع، النص، المتلقي،كانت نظرة متكاملة.]]>
Reception theory and its relationship to cognitive systems
The openness to Western culture has resulted in a number of critical approaches, in the form of psychological, social, and structural or formative approaches. While the reception approach is based on the reader during his interaction with the literary text in order to interpret it and create an imagined image of its meaning. The vision of this theory revolted against the external approaches because it focused a lot on the realistic reference, such as the Marxist theory, dialectical realism, or the biographical curricula that paid much attention to the author, his life and his historical circumstances, and the traditional critical curricula that focused on the meaning and hunted it from the text as part of knowledge and absolute truth. And the structural approaches that focused on the closed text and involved it and ignored an effective element such as the literary communication process, which is the reader, to whom the theory of reception will give great care and attention. This article aims to shed light on the concept of reception in terms of its cognitive and philosophical foundations and in terms of its creative elements that are organized in a consistent theory, which has its pillars and pioneers. The researcher concluded that the view on the pillars of the creative process: the creator, the text, the recipient, was an integrated view. It can be said that the literary work is based on two pillars: the artistic pillar and the aesthetic pillar, the first of which is the author’s text, and the second is the perception that the reader achieves. As long as the literary work cannot be reduced to the reality of the text nor to the reader’s subjectivity, it is effective in itself, and derives its vitality from this activity.
]]>
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var str = 'قدور, إبراهيم محمد';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 85-98]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2010-08-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/463/369]]>
application/pdf]]>
ara]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/463]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1.463]]>
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var str = 'Textlinguistik und Textualität';
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]]>
textual linguistics]]>
textuality]]>
text]]>
language]]>
linguistics]]>
text type]]>
text genre]]>
textual linguistics]]>
textuality]]>
text]]>
language]]>
linguistics]]>
text type]]>
text genre]]>
Text Linguistics and Textuality
In this article, it is a question of textual linguistics. Meanwhile, first are numerous theoretical works on textual linguistics. This will help us to define and characterize their particularities. It is therefore advisable to give a slightly broader overview of the terms and concepts of textual linguistics. In this article we want to deal more systematically and in more details with the text sentence. We will clarify the question of what a text is and what features characterize texts. We will first consider the concept of textuality, the criteria are also described. Next, we deal with the terms text type and text typology. After presenting some basic notions of text linguistics, let's try to summarize the main points of this article. As a young discipline, text linguistics belongs to applied linguistics. The article focuses then upon theoretical considerations on text linguistics, i.e. basic concepts, points of view of linguists. In doing so, we focus on textuality criteria, which play an extremely important role in text analysis. So here lies the presentation of textuality criteria, so that we rely on some well-known linguists, notably Beaugrande&Dressler (1981) who, in their influential Introduction to Textual Linguistics, have proposed a text definition in which they classify texts using seven criteria from the so called non-texts. Texts are situational and culturally shaped acts of communication that have both extra-linguistic and intra- linguistic characteristics. These are closely related. Text types are also considered in this work. Accordingly, it could be stated that text linguistics has emerged as a modern scientific discipline in order to capture and describe the subject of study "text" in its content and formal aspects, but also shown the difficulty of an exact concept of text type, especially in the pre- theoretical use of this term.]]>
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var str = 'Anes, Isma';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 2 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2016; 37-46]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v15i2]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2016-12-31]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/678/559]]>
application/pdf]]>
deu]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/678]]>
10.52919/translang.v15i2.678]]>
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var str = 'دلالة العنوان في رواية الشفق للجيلالي جلاص';
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]]>
Dictionary meaning]]>
text]]>
title]]>
semantics]]>
structure.]]>
الدلالات]]>
البنية]]>
العنوان]]>
النص]]>
المعنى القاموس ي.]]>
يتطرق هذا المقال إلى سيميائية عنوان رواية )حمائم الشفق( للروائي الجزائري الجيلالي جلاص،إن وصف العنوان باعتباره فكرة أو كلمة أو جملة كبيرة يحمل في طياته عدة معاني باعتبارها علامة تدلعلى الفكرة العامة للنص، بالإضافة إلى أن العنوان هو البنية الأساسية التي تساعد على تفكيك وتفسيرالبنية الكبرى )النص(.]]>
The significance of of the title in the novel Al-Shafaq by Jilali Jalas
The title is the threshold of reading, and it is from the point of view of its initiation, with which it seeks help from the texts and does not scatter them. It is its first engine. It is the necessary passage that serves the story in receiving it, as it refers to it and shortens its path. It is not possible for the title and the text to dispense with each other, for without the text the title alone is incapable of forming its semantic surroundings, and without the title the text is constantly subject to dissolution in other texts. As a result of this parallel between the title and the text, which leads to the necessity of an integrative correlative relationship, in which the former occupies the forefront on the cover of the book, and remains firmly in the memory more than the content. The title leads the reader to enter the world of the text to reveal what it aims at, the possibilities it presents for reading, and the extent to which it relates to the text. This article deals with the semiotics of the title of the novel ‘ حمائم الشفق ’ by the Algerian Novelist El Djilali Khallas. The description of the title as an idea, a word or a large sentence carries with it several meanings as a sign indicating the general idea of the text. Besides, the title is the basic structure that helps to deconstruct and interpret the global structure (text).]]>
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var str = 'شريط, بدرة';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 75-84]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2010-08-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/462/367]]>
application/pdf]]>
ara]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/462]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1.462]]>
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var str = 'Der kulturelle Einfluss auf das gesellschaftliche Verhalten und die kognitive Wahrnehmung der Menschen';
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]]>
Foreign language]]>
language]]>
culture]]>
cultural influence]]>
culture models]]>
culture schemes]]>
Foreign language]]>
language]]>
culture]]>
cultural infuence]]>
culture models]]>
culture schemes]]>
Cultural Influence on Human Social Behavior and Cognitive Perception
The intercultural facet of language influences the social behavior and human cognitive perception. In the course of the socialization process, individuals acquire a mother tongue, a value system, a world view and a way of behaving. They are influenced and deeply shaped by the culture in which they grow up. This culture will determine their behavior, their worldview and their perceptions or their personality and identity. This fact entails that successful intercultural communication requires both linguistic as well as cultural competence. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the intercultural influence of human social behavior and cognitive perception. It can be concluded that due to increasing mobility and international exchange, intercultural encounters have become a reality in our world today. These encounters between people from different cultural contexts often bring difficulties for the members of different communities with different cultures. These intercultural interactions do not always lead to mutual understanding despite language proficiency. They lead under certain circumstances to conflicts because the existing divergences among interlocutors in terms of prejudices, attitudes, value judgements. In order to behave correctly and appropriately in such situations, one needs intercultural competence. The cultural influence on human social behavior and cognitive perception is striking in intercultural encounters. Forms of greeting, eating habits and behaviors are culture-related. All humans eat because it is a biological need, but what do they eat? when do they eat? and how they eat? differs from a culture to another. Therefore, cultural knowledge is of central importance in a foreign language lesson. Cultural studies can be a bridge between language and culture. Elements about the target culture can be used to build a bridge between the cultures and reduce prejudices. This is the only way to break down stereotypes and preconceived notions and to raise the students’ consciousness about cultural aspects of a particular language.]]>
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var str = 'Ouanteur, Abdelhamid';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 2 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2016; 137-148]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v15i2]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2016-12-31]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/677/558]]>
application/pdf]]>
deu]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/677]]>
10.52919/translang.v15i2.677]]>
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var str = 'الأسلوبية والبلاغة';
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]]>
Contemporary stylistics]]>
creative phenomenon]]>
modern rhetoric]]>
philology.]]>
الأسلوبية المعاصرة]]>
البلاغية الحديثة]]>
المعيارية]]>
الفيلولوجية]]>
الظاهرة الإبداعية.]]>
تعتبر الأسلوبية بلاغة "حديثة"، ونقدا للأساليب الفردية، وفن لغويا وأدبيا، وهاتان سمتانقائمتان في الأسلوبية المعاصرة، و هناك من يرى أنّ الأسلوبية لا تتعارض مع البحث البلاغي بل إنهاتساعدها في حدود الإمكان العلمي، ويسعى الباحث لإبداء السمات المميزة لكل من البلاغة والأسلوبيةليصل إلى إبراز العلاقة بينهما، أين يخلص البحث أنه حتى وإن كانت العلاقة بين البلاغة والأسلوبية تشوبهاق الأمر بقضاياّأنّ هناك أمورا مشتركة بين العِلمين؛ وبخاصة إذا تعلّمفارقات غريبة في بعض الأحيان، إلابلاغية مهيمنة في النص، ليست نها من منافسةّقيم الرأي ويتّضح أن للأسلوبية خصوصيات، وأدوات تمكالبلاغة، كما أن غلواء المعيارية هو الذي ميز الأسلوبية وجعلها تتموقع دون البلاغة.]]>
Stylistics and Rhetoric
Stylistics is considered modern or new rhetoric under its binary form: a science of expression, a critique of individual styles, and therefore stylistics is the direct successor of rhetoric. Also, rhetoric is a linguistic art and a literary art, and these are two features that exist in contemporary stylistics. The relationship is strong and existing between rhetoric and stylistics, and this relationship appears in various situations. In order to highlight the relationship between them, the researcher concludes that even if the relationship between rhetoric and stylistics is sometimes marred by strange paradoxes, there are common things between the two sciences. This is true, especially if it comes to rhetorical issues that are dominant in the text, so that the opinion is straightened and it becomes clear that stylistics has peculiarities and tools that enable it to compete with rhetoric, just as it is the high standard of stylistics that distinguished stylistics and made it situate without rhetoric. In fact, stylistics did not sweep the position of rhetoric in a comprehensive way, and the call for the decline of rhetoric did not achieve its goal, except in terms of reducing the hyperbole of normativeness. In our view, it is the one who distinguished stylistics and made it situate without rhetoric, so no researcher can deny the existing convergence between rhetoric and stylistics, because both revolve around style and within it.]]>
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var str = 'برونة , محمد';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 66-74]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2010-08-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/461/366]]>
application/pdf]]>
ara]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/461]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1.461]]>
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var str = 'Das mobile Lernen, M- Learning “im Unterricht';
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]]>
M-learning]]>
scope of M-learning]]>
didactic and pedagogic implications.]]>
M-learning]]>
scope of M-learning]]>
didactic and pedagogic implications]]>
Mobile learning, M-learning” in the classroom
Mobile learning is defined as a way to access learning resources and content from any mobile device. Learners can have access to learning materials and learning support anywhere and anytime. It seeks to make use of the ubiquity and unique capabilities of mobile devices to make course materials available to students and to create new kinds of learning experiences that help students access input. With mobile learning there are no limits of time and place, it respects the desire and freedom of learners and for me mobility means not only spatial mobility but also temporal independence. This paper stresses the importance of M-learning and sheds light on its advantages and features, such as multifunctionality, connectivity, personalisation, diversity, flexibility and accessibility, providing collaborative learning and efficiency.]]>
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var str = 'Alam, Halima';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 5-11]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2013-12-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/676/557]]>
application/pdf]]>
deu]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/676]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2.676]]>
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var str = 'مفهوم التواصل في النص القانوني المترجم';
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]]>
Communication]]>
legal texts translation]]>
translation]]>
translator.]]>
اتصال]]>
ترجمة نصوص قانونية]]>
ترجمة]]>
مترجم.]]>
يعتبر مفهوم الاتصال من المفاهيم الأساسية في الترجمة، حيث يمثل حجر الزاوية في نجاح عمليةالترجمة. كان اللغوي، رومان جاكوبسون، من أوائل المنظرين الذين تحدثوا عنها، من خلال مخططالاتصال الشفوي الذي طبقه على أساس الوظائف اللغوية. عندما استخدم منظرو الترجمة هذا المخطط،مثل بيتر نيومارك وآخرين، أصبح يُنظر إلى الترجمة على أنها عملية تواصل بعد أن كانت عملية لغويةبامتياز، ا جديدة في البحث الأكاديمي المتعلق باًمما فتح آفاق لترجمة. في الأيام الخوالي، كان المترجم ينقلنصًا معينًا من لغة المصدر إلى لغة الهدف مع تركيزه على تقديم نفس القدر من المعرفة للقارئ. ولكن، فيالوقت الحاضر، تضاعفت مسؤوليته في التسليم والفهم، بالاعتماد على الأساليب الممكنة مثل النهجالتواصلي القائم على التعامل مع النصوص كرسائل. يجب أن يقوم المترجم بترميزها وإرسالها إلى القارئ
المستهدف. إذا تم استخدام مخطط الاتصال جاكوبسون في الترجمة بشكل عام، فهل يمكن الاعتمادعليه في الترجمة القانونية، مع العلم أنه يثير عددًا من المشكلات التي تميزه عن تخصصات الترجمةالأخرى؟ نرى أن التواصل في الترجمة القانونية يمر بعدة مراحل قبل أن ينتهي في المستقبل أو القارئالقانوني المستهدف، وبالتالي فإننا نستهدف في المقام الأول ماهية الترجمة القانونية، مع توضيحخصوصيتها، وفي المقام الثاني نتناول خصائص النص القانوني مع التركيز على ملامح نص الإعلان العالميلحقوق الإنسان. ا،ًثالث نستعرض شروط المترجم القانوني ونتطرق إلى النظام القانوني. رابعًا، وأخيرًا،نقترح خطة اتصالات قانونية. يمكن القول إن المترجم القانوني له دور فعال في إيصال رسالة قانونية تنبعمن القارئ القانوني بهدف. فكلما زادت معرفة هذا المترجم بمجال تخصصه، زادت قدرته على تنفيذمهمته، والتي لا تقتصر فقط على تقديم المعلومات القانونية، بل تتجاوز أيضًا فهم القارئ المستهدف منخلال إنتاج ترجمة دقيقة وموجزة، كلما أمكن ذلك، وهو ما يميز القانون بشكل عام]]>
The concept of communication in the translated legal text
The concept of communication is considered among the basic concepts in translation, as it represents the cornerstone of the success of the translation process. The linguist, Romain Jacobson, was among the first theorists to talk about it, through the oral communication scheme that he applied based on language functions. When translation theorists used this scheme, such as Peter Newmark and others, translation became seen as a communicative process after it was a linguistic process par excellence, which opened new horizons in academic research related to translation. In the old days, the translator used to transfer a specific text from a source language to a target language with his focus on simply delivering the same amount of knowledge to the reader. But, nowadays, his responsibility has doubled to deliver and understand, relying on possible approaches such as the communicative approach based on dealing with texts as messages. It should be encoded by the translator and sent to the target reader. If the Jacobsonian communication scheme has been used in translation in general, can it be relied upon in legal translation, knowing that it raises a number of problems that distinguish it from other translation disciplines? We see that communication in legal translation passes through several stages before it ends for the future or target legal reader, and accordingly we target in the first place what legal translation is, with an explanation of its specificity, and in the second place we address the characteristics of the legal text with a focus on the features of the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Thirdly, we review the conditions of the legal translator, and we tackle the legal system. Fourth, and finally, we propose a legal communication scheme. It can be said that the legal translator has an effective role in delivering a legal message that originates to a legal reader with a goal. So, the more this translator knows his field of specialization, the more he will be able to carry out his task, which is not only limited to delivering legal information but also goes beyond understanding the target reader by producing an accurate and concise translation, whenever possible, which is characteristic of the law in general. ]]>
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var str = 'بن شريف, محمد هشام';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 53-65]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2010-08-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/460/365]]>
application/pdf]]>
ara]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/460]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1.460]]>
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var str = 'Сравнительный анализ порядка членов предложения в русском и арабском языках';
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]]>
Russian]]>
speech order]]>
teaching the russian language]]>
Russian]]>
speech order]]>
teaching the Russian language.]]>
Comparative analysis of sentenceorder in Russian and Arabic
This article deals with the role of translation in teaching Russian to Algerian students. In this research, we have briefly touched upon the theoretical and practical aspects of translation from Russian into Arabic and from Arabic into Russian. In particular, we studied the question of the order of speech in Arabic and Russian and how to translate it. Speech order is an essential issue in translation. In this article, we suggest models for translation.]]>
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var str = 'Abid , Louafi';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 116-122]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2013-12-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/675/556]]>
application/pdf]]>
rus]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/675]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2.675]]>
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var str = 'من لسانيات الجملة إلى لسانيات النص';
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]]>
Arabic language]]>
attribution]]>
grammar]]>
sentence]]>
لسانيات الجملة]]>
لسانيات النص،]]>
نحوّ النص]]>
تحليل النص]]>
الخطاب]]>
التعالق.]]>
إن النحو في جوهره وصف للعلاقات التي تربط عناصر الجملة، التي تعتبر أساس التمييز بينالعناصر المكونة لها، وبعد التطورات التي حصلت على مستويات تحليل النّص، برز اتجاه آخر في دراسةغوي يتجاوز فيه النّص كل حدود المعيارية لنحو الجملة؛ لأن النّحو يجتذبه النّّّالنّص الل ص أكثر مماراسات التي تندرج فيتجتذبه الكلمة، أو الجملة، واكتس ى تماسك النص وانسجامه مكانة هامة في الدّمجالات تحليل النص، ولسانيات النص، وفي ضوء ما سبق انتقل الاهتمام في مجال تحليل النص منلسانيات الجملة إلى لسانيات النّص باعتبارها تجاوزا للقصور التي تعانيه لسانيات الجملة في هذا المجال،ساني، وجعل البنية الكلية للنّص هدفا رئيسا،ّرح اللّلقد بلورت فكرة هدم نحو الجملة الذي ألجم الطومن هذا المنطلق يطرح الباحث إشكالية حتمية تجاوز نحو الجملة إلى نحو النص باعتباره تتابعا منالجمل قابلة للتحليل اللساني، منتهجا في ذلك منهجا استقصائيا تحليليا، خلص في الأخير إلى استحالةالتخلي عن نحو الجملة، بوصفها بنية فرّعية، تنهض على مسند ومسند إليه، وليس الهدف من كلامناهذا ، وإن كان كشف ما في النحو العربي من أصول لمفهوم نحو النص أو لسانياته هو في جوهره عملامشروعا غير أن هذا لا يتعارض مع إمكانية استخلاص إشارات وقواعد يمكن أن يؤسس عليها بناء نحونص.]]>
From sentence linguistics to text linguistics
Arabic grammar has been given full attention to the sentence as a structure. This includes an independent and intended attribution, in order to determine how its elements are interconnected, and to clarify the rules of this relationship, and the provisions of the changes that occur to these elements in order to reach the interpretation of the actual language of the speaker, and his knowledge of this language. This is the case because grammar is, in essence, a description of the relationships that connect the elements of the sentence, and these relationships are the basis for distinguishing between the elements that make up the sentence, which made some linguists look at it as the collection of various experiences using the methods of Arabic, and its structures. If the Arabic grammar was launched from the syntax, and its analyzes were concentrated in its framework, then this is not considered a deficiency or a shortcoming, but rather is due to the scholars’ desire to evaluate the language through it, and then pay attention to the rules that guarantee the integrity of the sentence at its different levels. They could have justified it from the spacious text areas and the general context. Through this paper, we would like to show the availability of Arabic grammar - which is referred to in a sentence by the sentence to the students on visions, rules and means that take the place of many procedures that are available in the grammar of the text. The aim of our words is not to reveal the origins of the concept of grammar in the Arabic text or the linguistic characteristics of the text, although in its essence it is a legitimate and ambitious work that facilitates the demand.
our words is not to reveal the origins of the concept of grammar in the Arabic text or the linguistic characteristics of the text, although in its essence it is a legitimate and ambitious work that facilitates the demand.]]>
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var str = 'ملياني, محمد';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 46-52]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2010-08-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/459/364]]>
application/pdf]]>
ara]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/459]]>
10.52919/translang.v9i1.459]]>
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var str = 'Präteritumschwund';
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]]>
tense decline]]>
German language]]>
past tense]]>
tense system.]]>
tense decline]]>
German language]]>
past tense]]>
tense system]]>
Past tense fading
The German language is constantly changing. Examples of language change in New High German include the decline of the subjunctive II in favour of the paraphrase of dignity, the reduction of unstressed endings and the simultaneous construction of new endings on prepositions. An older language change can still be traced in its effects on German today, the so-called Upper German preterit decline. This denotes the omission of the past tense in Early New High German in southern Germany. A phenomenon that continues to spread northward to this day. The present paper aims at studying the German tense system focusing on the fading of the past tense and the reasons behind the phenomenon. The decline in the past tense is one of the most obvious morphological developments in Alemannic (or Upper German). The consequence of giving up this synthetic way of working was the transfer of the past category to syntax. This has led to a strong typological drift of Alemannic in the course of an analytical and additionally bracketed language type. The disappearance of the past tense contrasts in a peculiar way with the preservation, even the secondary expansion, of synthetic subjunctive.]]>
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var str = 'Bourouba , Chahinez';
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]]>
Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 105-115]]>
2600-6235]]>
1112-3974]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2]]>
University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed]]>
2013-12-31]]>
Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/674/555]]>
application/pdf]]>
deu]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/article]]>
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion]]>
Peer-reviewed Article]]>
https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/674]]>
10.52919/translang.v12i2.674]]>