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				var str = 'Traduisibilité et Équivalence';
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=The+theory+of+translation">The theory of translation</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=contrastive+linguistics">contrastive linguistics</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=translatability">translatability</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=equivalence">equivalence</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=the+theory+of+translation">the theory of translation</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=contrastive+linguistics">contrastive linguistics</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=translatability">translatability</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=equivalence">equivalence</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Translatability+and+Equivalence%0ATranslation+Theory+and+Contrastive+Linguistics+are+two+areas+of+applied+linguistics.+The+relationship+between+them+has+often+been+mentioned+in+several+scientific+works.+Translation+could+thus+be+considered+as+an+application+of+contrastive+linguistics.+Alongside+other+translation+processes+such+as+literal+translation%2C+adoption%2C+and+borrowing%2C+among+others%2C+the+problem+of+transposition+and+modification%2C+equivalence%2C+and+class+changes+of+words+will+be+discussed+here.+Contrastive+linguistics+gives+us+the+conditions+for+the+discovery+and+presentation+of+the+linguistic+problems+resulting+from+the+theory+of+translation.+Every+translator+is+a+linguist%22+%28Mounin+1976%2C113%29.+Contrastive+Linguistics+as+a+continuation+of+comparative+linguistics+deals+with+linguistic+comparison.+Only+it+differs+from+it+by+the+fact+that+it+renounces+diachrony+and+value+judgments.+Many+concepts+relevant+to+these+interrelated+fields%2C+namely+contrastive+linguistics+and+translation+have+been+discussed+with+practical+instances+drawn+from+Arabic.">Translatability and Equivalence<br />
Translation Theory and Contrastive Linguistics are two areas of applied linguistics. The relationship between them has often been mentioned in several scientific works. Translation could thus be considered as an application of contrastive linguistics. Alongside other translation processes such as literal translation, adoption, and borrowing, among others, the problem of transposition and modification, equivalence, and class changes of words will be discussed here. Contrastive linguistics gives us the conditions for the discovery and presentation of the linguistic problems resulting from the theory of translation. Every translator is a linguist&quot; (Mounin 1976,113). Contrastive Linguistics as a continuation of comparative linguistics deals with linguistic comparison. Only it differs from it by the fact that it renounces diachrony and value judgments. Many concepts relevant to these interrelated fields, namely contrastive linguistics and translation have been discussed with practical instances drawn from Arabic.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+met+en+relief+la+relation+%C3%A9troite+entre+la+linguistique+contrastive+et+la+traduction.+J%E2%80%99ai+essay%C3%A9+de+montrer+ce+lien+entre+ces+deux+domaines+ainsi+l%E2%80%99implication+du+recours+%C3%A0+la+linguistique+contrastive+dans+un+processus+de+traduction.+It+est+%C3%A0+rappeler+ici+que+la+Th%C3%A9orie+de+la+Traduction+et+la+Linguistique+Contrastive+font+partie+de+la+linguistique+appliqu%C3%A9e.+La+traduction+s%E2%80%99av%C3%A8re+comme+une+application+des+fondements+th%C3%A9oriques+de+la+linguistique+contrastive.+It+s%E2%80%99agit+dans+cet+article+de+focaliser+sur+quelques+proc%C3%A9d%C3%A9s+de+traduction+productifs+tels+que+la+traduction+litt%C3%A9rale%2C+l%27adoption%2C+l%27emprunt%2C+entre+autres.+Aussi%2C+la+question+du+probl%C3%A8me+de+la+transposition+et+la+modification%2C+d%E2%80%99%C3%A9quivalence+et+de+changements+de+classe+des+mots+font+partie+de+nos+pr%C3%A9occupations.+Il+a+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+d%C3%A9mont%C3%A9+que+la+linguistique+contrastive+offre+les+conditions+relatives+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99identification+des+probl%C3%A8mes+linguistiques+r%C3%A9sultants+de+la+th%C3%A9orie+de+la+traduction.+Chaque+traducteur+est+un+linguiste%22+comme+le+soulignait+Mounin.+Plusieurs+concepts+en+rapport+avec+la+linguistique+contrastive+et+la+traduction+ont+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+expliqu%C3%A9s+dans+cet+article+avec+des+exemples+tir%C3%A9s+de+la+langue+Arabe.">Cet article met en relief la relation étroite entre la linguistique contrastive et la traduction. J’ai essayé de montrer ce lien entre ces deux domaines ainsi l’implication du recours à la linguistique contrastive dans un processus de traduction. It est à rappeler ici que la Théorie de la Traduction et la Linguistique Contrastive font partie de la linguistique appliquée. La traduction s’avère comme une application des fondements théoriques de la linguistique contrastive. It s’agit dans cet article de focaliser sur quelques procédés de traduction productifs tels que la traduction littérale, l&#039;adoption, l&#039;emprunt, entre autres. Aussi, la question du problème de la transposition et la modification, d’équivalence et de changements de classe des mots font partie de nos préoccupations. Il a été démonté que la linguistique contrastive offre les conditions relatives à l’identification des problèmes linguistiques résultants de la théorie de la traduction. Chaque traducteur est un linguiste&quot; comme le soulignait Mounin. Plusieurs concepts en rapport avec la linguistique contrastive et la traduction ont été expliqués dans cet article avec des exemples tirés de la langue Arabe.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Traduction+et+Langues%3B+Vol+6+No+1+%282007%29%3A+Traduction+et+Langues+Volume+6%3A+Num%C3%A9ro%3A+1%2FD%C3%A9cembre+2007+%3B+29-38">Traduction et Langues; Vol 6 No 1 (2007): Traduction et Langues Volume 6: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2007 ; 29-38</a>]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2600-6235">2600-6235</a>]]></dcterms:source>
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    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2007-12-31">2007-12-31</a>]]></dcterms:date>
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</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://www.ajpsdz.org/dx/items/show/7148">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[<script>
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				var str = 'Problèmes des correspondances syntaxiques du verbe entre l’Arabe et le Français : vers une étude contrastive';
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cliticization">Cliticization</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pro-drop">pro-drop</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=equivalences">equivalences</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=reference+system">reference system</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=translation">translation</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=verbal+systems.">verbal systems.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cliticization">Cliticization</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=le+pro-drop">le pro-drop</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%C3%A9quivalences">équivalences</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=syst%C3%A8me+de+r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence">système de référence</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=traduction">traduction</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=syst%C3%A8mes+verbaux.">systèmes verbaux.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%26nbsp%3B%0AProblems+of+Syntactic+Correspondences+of+the+Verb+between+Arabic+and+French%3Atowards+a+contrastive+study%0AIn+this+study%2C+we+will+try+to+demonstrate+the+particularities+of+the+Arabic+verb+by+adopting+a+contrastive+perspective+with+French.+Our+objective+is+to+present+a+morphosyntactic+analysis+of+verbs+capable+of+removing+some+syntactic+ambiguities+relating+to+the+divergences+of+the+morphosyntactic+structures+of+Arabic+and+French%2C+respectively.It+should+be+noted+that+one+of+the+difficulties+in+the+analysis+of+the+two+languages+comes+from+the+fact+that+the+levels+of+analysis+interact+in+a+complex+way.+The+complexity+of+the+linguistic+structures+to+highlight+in+a+translation+system+dealing+with+two+typologically+distinct+languages+is+the+subject+of+our+study.">&amp;nbsp;<br />
Problems of Syntactic Correspondences of the Verb between Arabic and French:towards a contrastive study<br />
In this study, we will try to demonstrate the particularities of the Arabic verb by adopting a contrastive perspective with French. Our objective is to present a morphosyntactic analysis of verbs capable of removing some syntactic ambiguities relating to the divergences of the morphosyntactic structures of Arabic and French, respectively.It should be noted that one of the difficulties in the analysis of the two languages comes from the fact that the levels of analysis interact in a complex way. The complexity of the linguistic structures to highlight in a translation system dealing with two typologically distinct languages is the subject of our study.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Dans+cette+%C3%A9tude%2C+nous+tenterons+de+d%C3%A9montrer+les+particularit%C3%A9s+du+verbe+Arabe+en+adoptant+une+perspective+contrastive+avec+le+Fran%C3%A7ais.+Notre+objectif+est+de+pr%C3%A9senter+une+analyse+morphosyntaxique+des+verbes+capable+de+lever+quelques+ambigu%C3%AFt%C3%A9s+syntaxiques+relatives+aux+divergences+des+structures+morphosyntaxiques+de+l%E2%80%99Arabe+et+du+Fran%C3%A7ais%2C+respectivement.Il+est+%C3%A0+noter+que+l%E2%80%99une+des+difficult%C3%A9s+de+l%E2%80%99analyse+des+deux+langues+provienne+du+fait+que+les+niveaux+d%E2%80%99analyse+interagissent+de+fa%C3%A7on+complexe.+La+complexit%C3%A9+des+structures+linguistiques+%C3%A0+mettre+en+relief+dans+un+syst%C3%A8me+de+traduction+traitant+deux+langues+topologiquement+distinctes%2C+fait+l%E2%80%99objet+de+notre+%C3%A9tude.">Dans cette étude, nous tenterons de démontrer les particularités du verbe Arabe en adoptant une perspective contrastive avec le Français. Notre objectif est de présenter une analyse morphosyntaxique des verbes capable de lever quelques ambiguïtés syntaxiques relatives aux divergences des structures morphosyntaxiques de l’Arabe et du Français, respectivement.Il est à noter que l’une des difficultés de l’analyse des deux langues provienne du fait que les niveaux d’analyse interagissent de façon complexe. La complexité des structures linguistiques à mettre en relief dans un système de traduction traitant deux langues topologiquement distinctes, fait l’objet de notre étude.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Phraseology">Phraseology</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=expressive+particularity.">expressive particularity.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Phras%C3%A9ologie">Phraséologie</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=polys%C3%A9manticit%C3%A9">polysémanticité</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=particularit%C3%A9+expressive.">particularité expressive.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%E2%80%9CWe+cannot+have+the+cake+and+eat+it+too%E2%80%9D+Phraseology%2C+Context+and+Translation%0AOne+of+the+great+challenges+concerning+both+phraseology+and+translation+studies+concerns+the+definition+of+idiomatic+expressions+by+their+untranslatability+alongside+that+of+natural+languages+by+their+idiosyncrasy.+The+translation+of+fixed+constructions+in+this+case+idiomatic+expressions+and+phrases+are+at+the+center+of+this+paper.+The+structural%2C+but+also+semantic+and+pragmatic+point+of+view+will+be+taken+into+account.+In+the+context+of+this+analysis%2C+several+questions+arise%3A+does+the+translation+of+a+specific+phraseologism+from+German%2C+for+example+%27in+Einklang+bringen%27+%28harmonize%2C+reconcile%29+mean+that+it+will+be+rendered+by+an+equivalent+phraseologism+in+Arabic%2C+French%2C+English%2C+Spanish+or+Russian%3F">“We cannot have the cake and eat it too” Phraseology, Context and Translation<br />
One of the great challenges concerning both phraseology and translation studies concerns the definition of idiomatic expressions by their untranslatability alongside that of natural languages by their idiosyncrasy. The translation of fixed constructions in this case idiomatic expressions and phrases are at the center of this paper. The structural, but also semantic and pragmatic point of view will be taken into account. In the context of this analysis, several questions arise: does the translation of a specific phraseologism from German, for example &#039;in Einklang bringen&#039; (harmonize, reconcile) mean that it will be rendered by an equivalent phraseologism in Arabic, French, English, Spanish or Russian?</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=L%E2%80%99un+des+grands+d%C3%A9fis+concernant+aussi+bien+la+phras%C3%A9ologie+que+la+traductologie+touche+la+d%C3%A9finition+des+expressions+idiomatiques+par+leur+intraductibilit%C3%A9+%C3%A0+c%C3%B4t%C3%A9+de+celle+des+langues+naturelles+par+leur+idiosyncrasie.+La+traduction+des+constructions+fig%C3%A9es+en+l%E2%80%99occurrence+des+expressions+idiomatiques+et+des+locutions+se+situent+au+centre+de+cet+article.+Le+point+de+vue+structurel%2C+mais+aussi+s%C3%A9mantique+et+pragmatique+seront+pris+en+compte.+Dans+le+cadre+de+la+pr%C3%A9sente+analyse+plusieurs+questions+se+posent+%3A+la+traduction+d%E2%80%99un+phras%C3%A9ologisme+sp%C3%A9cifique+de+l%E2%80%99allemand+par+exemple+%E2%80%98in+Einklang+bringen%E2%80%99+%28harmoniser%2C+concilier%29+signifie-t-elle+qu%E2%80%99il+sera+rendu+par+un+phras%C3%A9ologisme+%C3%A9quivalent+dans+la+langue+arabe%2C+fran%C3%A7aise%2C+anglaise%2C+espagnole+ou+russe+%3F">L’un des grands défis concernant aussi bien la phraséologie que la traductologie touche la définition des expressions idiomatiques par leur intraductibilité à côté de celle des langues naturelles par leur idiosyncrasie. La traduction des constructions figées en l’occurrence des expressions idiomatiques et des locutions se situent au centre de cet article. Le point de vue structurel, mais aussi sémantique et pragmatique seront pris en compte. Dans le cadre de la présente analyse plusieurs questions se posent : la traduction d’un phraséologisme spécifique de l’allemand par exemple ‘in Einklang bringen’ (harmoniser, concilier) signifie-t-elle qu’il sera rendu par un phraséologisme équivalent dans la langue arabe, française, anglaise, espagnole ou russe ?</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re">langue étrangère</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Translating+for+understanding+or+for+translating%3F%0AIn+the+teaching+of+foreign+languages%2C+many+teachers+today+continue+to+exclude+any+possibility+of+using+translation+in+class.+But+many+others+still+know+how+to+take+advantage+of+the+use+of+a+punctual+and+well-targeted+translation%3B+for+example%2C+in+a+grammar+lesson%2C+they+can+translate+a+particular+term+for+the+learner+so+that+he+understands+it+quickly+and+they+can+continue+their+lesson.+But+if+we+dwell+on+some+of+the+concepts+that+are+nevertheless+commonly+used%2C+we+quickly+realize+that+even+when+their+translation+is+recognized%2C+they+do+not+always+have+the+same+functions+in+the+two+languages+involved+and+that+ultimately%2C+if+we+want+to+translate+in+order+to+understand%2C+we+must+also+understand+everything+covered+by+the+concept+in+order+to+be+able+to+translate+it.">Translating for understanding or for translating?<br />
In the teaching of foreign languages, many teachers today continue to exclude any possibility of using translation in class. But many others still know how to take advantage of the use of a punctual and well-targeted translation; for example, in a grammar lesson, they can translate a particular term for the learner so that he understands it quickly and they can continue their lesson. But if we dwell on some of the concepts that are nevertheless commonly used, we quickly realize that even when their translation is recognized, they do not always have the same functions in the two languages involved and that ultimately, if we want to translate in order to understand, we must also understand everything covered by the concept in order to be able to translate it.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Dans+l%27enseignement+des+langues+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res%2C+beaucoup+d%27enseignants+continuent+aujourd%27hui+%C3%A0+exclure+toute+possibilit%C3%A9+d%27utiliser+la+traduction+en+classe.+Mais+beaucoup+d%27autres+encore+savent+mettre+%C3%A0+profit+l%27usage+d%27une+traduction+ponctuelle+et+bien+cibl%C3%A9e+%3B+par+exemple%2C+dans+un+cours+de+grammaire%2C+ils+peuvent+traduire+%C3%A0+l%27apprenant+un+terme+particulier+pour+que+celui-ci+le+comprenne+rapidement+et+qu%27ils+puissent+continuer+leur+cours.+Mais+si+l%27on+s%27arr%C3%AAte+sur+quelques-uns+des+concepts+pourtant+couramment+utilis%C3%A9s%2C+on+se+rend+vite+compte+que+m%C3%AAme+lorsque+leur+traduction+est+reconnue%2C+ils+n%27ont+pas+toujours+les+m%C3%AAmes+fonctions+dans+les+deux+langues+en+pr%C3%A9sence%2C+et+que+finalement%2C+si+on+veut+traduire+pour+comprendre%2C+il+faut+aussi+comprendre+tout+ce+que+couvre+le+concept+pour+pouvoir+le+traduire.">Dans l&#039;enseignement des langues étrangères, beaucoup d&#039;enseignants continuent aujourd&#039;hui à exclure toute possibilité d&#039;utiliser la traduction en classe. Mais beaucoup d&#039;autres encore savent mettre à profit l&#039;usage d&#039;une traduction ponctuelle et bien ciblée ; par exemple, dans un cours de grammaire, ils peuvent traduire à l&#039;apprenant un terme particulier pour que celui-ci le comprenne rapidement et qu&#039;ils puissent continuer leur cours. Mais si l&#039;on s&#039;arrête sur quelques-uns des concepts pourtant couramment utilisés, on se rend vite compte que même lorsque leur traduction est reconnue, ils n&#039;ont pas toujours les mêmes fonctions dans les deux langues en présence, et que finalement, si on veut traduire pour comprendre, il faut aussi comprendre tout ce que couvre le concept pour pouvoir le traduire.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2007-12-31">2007-12-31</a>]]></dcterms:date>
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    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[<script>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Approach">Approach</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Linguistic+Studies">Linguistic Studies</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=plurality+in+meaning">plurality in meaning</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=synonymy+in+Arabic.">synonymy in Arabic.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Approche">Approche</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%C3%89tudes+linguistiques">Études linguistiques</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pluralit%C3%A9+de+sens">pluralité de sens</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=synonymie+en+arabe.">synonymie en arabe.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+cherche+%C3%A0+approcher+le+terme+dans+les+%C3%A9tudes+linguistiques+afin+de+r%C3%A9v%C3%A9ler+son+imbrication+et+sa+multiplicit%C3%A9+qui+conduisent+n%C3%A9cessairement+%C3%A0+la+dispersion+dans+la+compr%C3%A9hension%2C+la+confusion+et+l%27anxi%C3%A9t%C3%A9.Parmi+les+questions+fr%C3%A9quemment+pos%C3%A9es+qui+composent+le+probl%C3%A8me+linguistique+actuel%2C+figure+la+question+du+terme+comme+cl%C3%A9+la+plus+importante+de+la+science%2C+qui+a+pr%C3%A9occup%C3%A9+les+linguistes+et+les+penseurs+d%C3%A8s+leur+plus+jeune+%C3%A2ge%2C+en+raison+de+son+importance+particuli%C3%A8re+dans+les+pratiques+linguistiques+en+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral%2C+et+le+r%C3%B4le+efficace+qu%E2%80%99il+joue+dans+l%27%C3%A9laboration+de+th%C3%A9ories+ainsi+que+la+facilitation+de+l%27interaction+entre+ceux+qui+sont+engag%C3%A9s+dans+le+domaine+de+l%27%C3%A9tude+linguistique.+La+n%C3%A9cessit%C3%A9+m%C3%A9thodologique+nous+oblige+%C3%A0+comprendre+le+concept+du+terme+dans+ses+acceptions+linguistiques+et+techniques.%0ALa+recherche+nous+a+conduit+%C3%A0+penser+que+la+diff%C3%A9rence+de+la+terminologie+est+due+au+grand+nombre+de+traductions%2C+%C3%A0+la+culture+diff%C3%A9rente+des+traducteurs+et+aux+diff%C3%A9rentes+langues+%C3%A0+partir+desquelles+ils+ont+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+transf%C3%A9r%C3%A9s.+Car+le+monde+arabe%2C+dans+son+ouverture+%C3%A0+la+culture+occidentale%2C+se+divise+en+deux+parties.+La+premi%C3%A8re+partie+est+similaire+au+Mashreq+arabe%2C+qui+est+li%C3%A9+%C3%A0+l%27Occident+par+la+culture+anglo-saxonne%2C+et+la+seconde+partie+est+similaire+au+Maghreb+arabe%2C+qui+est+li%C3%A9+%C3%A0+l%27Occident+par+la+culture+latine%2C+sa+nomenclature+et+ses+conventions%2C+et+le+Mashreq+arabe+est+bas%C3%A9+sur+la+langue+anglaise.+%C3%80+cela+s%27ajoute+le+grand+nombre+de+synonymes+qui+distinguent+l%27arabe+des+autres+langues%2C+ce+qui+signifie+que+la+synonymie+ne+demeure+pas+un+avantage+de+l%27arabe%2C+mais+plut%C3%B4t+un+fardeau.La+multiplicit%C3%A9+du+terme+et+ses+chevauchements+conduisent+-+in%C3%A9vitablement+-+%C3%A0+l%27incapacit%C3%A9+de+l%E2%80%99utilisation+correcte+du+concept+et+de+son+contr%C3%B4le.+Aussi%2C+l%27absence+d%27un+fondement+th%C3%A9orique+clair+et+stable+pour+le+terme+linguistique+unifi%C3%A9.+En+cons%C3%A9quence%2C+les+%C3%A9tudes+linguistiques+%C3%A0+la+lumi%C3%A8re+de+la+culture+arabe+sont+toujours+%C3%A0+la+recherche+de+la+stabilit%C3%A9+d%27un+syst%C3%A8me+terminologique+qui+r%C3%A9pond+aux+besoins+des+savants+et+des+universitaires+et+leur+fournisse+une+langue+de+communication+particuli%C3%A8re.">Cet article cherche à approcher le terme dans les études linguistiques afin de révéler son imbrication et sa multiplicité qui conduisent nécessairement à la dispersion dans la compréhension, la confusion et l&#039;anxiété.Parmi les questions fréquemment posées qui composent le problème linguistique actuel, figure la question du terme comme clé la plus importante de la science, qui a préoccupé les linguistes et les penseurs dès leur plus jeune âge, en raison de son importance particulière dans les pratiques linguistiques en général, et le rôle efficace qu’il joue dans l&#039;élaboration de théories ainsi que la facilitation de l&#039;interaction entre ceux qui sont engagés dans le domaine de l&#039;étude linguistique. La nécessité méthodologique nous oblige à comprendre le concept du terme dans ses acceptions linguistiques et techniques.<br />
La recherche nous a conduit à penser que la différence de la terminologie est due au grand nombre de traductions, à la culture différente des traducteurs et aux différentes langues à partir desquelles ils ont été transférés. Car le monde arabe, dans son ouverture à la culture occidentale, se divise en deux parties. La première partie est similaire au Mashreq arabe, qui est lié à l&#039;Occident par la culture anglo-saxonne, et la seconde partie est similaire au Maghreb arabe, qui est lié à l&#039;Occident par la culture latine, sa nomenclature et ses conventions, et le Mashreq arabe est basé sur la langue anglaise. À cela s&#039;ajoute le grand nombre de synonymes qui distinguent l&#039;arabe des autres langues, ce qui signifie que la synonymie ne demeure pas un avantage de l&#039;arabe, mais plutôt un fardeau.La multiplicité du terme et ses chevauchements conduisent - inévitablement - à l&#039;incapacité de l’utilisation correcte du concept et de son contrôle. Aussi, l&#039;absence d&#039;un fondement théorique clair et stable pour le terme linguistique unifié. En conséquence, les études linguistiques à la lumière de la culture arabe sont toujours à la recherche de la stabilité d&#039;un système terminologique qui répond aux besoins des savants et des universitaires et leur fournisse une langue de communication particulière.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%26nbsp%3B%0AThe+Plurality+of+the+%E2%80%9CTerm%E2%80%9Dand+its+Overlap+in+Arabic+Linguistic+Studies%0AThis+research+paper+seeks+to+approach+the+term+in+linguistic+studies+in+order+to+reveal+its+overlap+and+multiplicity+that+necessarily+leads+to+dispersion+in+understanding%2C+confusion%2C+and+anxiety.Among+the+frequently+asked+questions+that+make+up+the+current+linguistic+problem%2C+is+the+issue+of+the+term+as+the+most+important+key+to+science%2C+which+preoccupied+linguists+and+thinkers+from+an+early+age%2C+because+of+its+special+importance+in+linguistic+practices+in+general%2C+and+the+effective+role+it+plays+in+developing+theories%2C+and+facilitating+interaction+between+those+engaged+in+the+field+of+linguistic+study.+The+methodological+necessity+requires+us+to+understand+the+concept+of+the+term+in+its+linguistic+and+technical+meanings.The+research+leads+to+think+that+the+difference+in+the+terminology+is+due+to+a+large+number+of+translations%2C+the+different+cultures+of+translators%2C+and+the+different+languages+from+which+they+were+transferred.+Because+the+Arab+world%2C+in+its+opening+to+Western+culture%2C+is+divided+into+two+parts.+The+first+part+is+similar+to+the+Arab+Mashreq%2C+which+is+linked+to+the+West+through+the+Anglo-Saxon+culture%2C+and+the+second+part+is+similar+to+the+Arab+Maghreb%2C+which+is+linked+to+the+West+through+Latin+culture%2C+its+nomenclature+and+conventions%2C+and+the+Arab+Mashreq+is+based+on+the+English+language.%E2%80%9D+Added+to+this+is+the+large+number+of+synonyms+that+distinguish+Arabic+from+other+languages%2C+meaning+that+synonymy+does+not+remain+an+advantage+of+Arabic%2C+but+rather+burdens+it.+The+multiplicity+of+the+term+and+its+overlapping+lead+-+inevitably+-+to+the+inability+to+use+the+correct+and+correct+use+of+the+concept+and+its+control.+Also%2C+the+absence+of+a+clear+and+stable+theoretical+foundation+for+the+unified+linguistic+term.+Accordingly%2C+linguistic+studies+in+light+of+the+Arab+culture+are+still+searching+for+the+stability+of+a+terminological+system+that+meets+the+needs+of+scholars+and+academics+and+provides+them+with+a+special+language+of+communication.">&amp;nbsp;<br />
The Plurality of the “Term”and its Overlap in Arabic Linguistic Studies<br />
This research paper seeks to approach the term in linguistic studies in order to reveal its overlap and multiplicity that necessarily leads to dispersion in understanding, confusion, and anxiety.Among the frequently asked questions that make up the current linguistic problem, is the issue of the term as the most important key to science, which preoccupied linguists and thinkers from an early age, because of its special importance in linguistic practices in general, and the effective role it plays in developing theories, and facilitating interaction between those engaged in the field of linguistic study. The methodological necessity requires us to understand the concept of the term in its linguistic and technical meanings.The research leads to think that the difference in the terminology is due to a large number of translations, the different cultures of translators, and the different languages from which they were transferred. Because the Arab world, in its opening to Western culture, is divided into two parts. The first part is similar to the Arab Mashreq, which is linked to the West through the Anglo-Saxon culture, and the second part is similar to the Arab Maghreb, which is linked to the West through Latin culture, its nomenclature and conventions, and the Arab Mashreq is based on the English language.” Added to this is the large number of synonyms that distinguish Arabic from other languages, meaning that synonymy does not remain an advantage of Arabic, but rather burdens it. The multiplicity of the term and its overlapping lead - inevitably - to the inability to use the correct and correct use of the concept and its control. Also, the absence of a clear and stable theoretical foundation for the unified linguistic term. Accordingly, linguistic studies in light of the Arab culture are still searching for the stability of a terminological system that meets the needs of scholars and academics and provides them with a special language of communication.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Traduction+et+Langues%3B+Vol+5+No+1+%282006%29%3A+Traduction+et+Langues+Volume+5%3A+Num%C3%A9ro%3A+1%2FD%C3%A9cembre+2006+%3B+97-103">Traduction et Langues; Vol 5 No 1 (2006): Traduction et Langues Volume 5: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2006 ; 97-103</a>]]></dcterms:source>
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</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://www.ajpsdz.org/dx/items/show/7144">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[<script>
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				var str = 'Le langage mimique Une stratégie d’apprentissage de la langue orale';
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Mimic+language">Mimic language</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=body+integration">body integration</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=oral+lessons">oral lessons</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=foreign+language+class">foreign language class</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Langage+mimique">Langage mimique</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=int%C3%A9gration+corporelle">intégration corporelle</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=cours+d%27oral">cours d&#039;oral</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=classe+de+langues+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res">classe de langues étrangères</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Mimic+Language+A+strategy+for+learning+oral+language%0AThis+article+focuses+on+mimic+language+as+a+strategy+for+teaching+the+oral+component+of+a+foreign+language.+We+pleaded+for+a+pedagogy+based+on+the+corporality+allowing+students+to+appropriate+the+salient+features+of+the+foreign+language.+In+any+process+of+verbal+and+non-verbal+communication%2C+the+mimic+language+occupies+a+dominating+place.+This+non-verbal+%28or+gestural%29+language+is+also+a+%E2%80%9Cmirror%E2%80%9D+translating+and+reflecting+culture+on+a+daily+basis.+It+facilitates+the+assimilation+of+the+oral+code+of+a+foreign+language+and+makes+it+more+explicit.+On+the+other+hand%2C+it+becomes+an+art+in+a+class+practice.+It+is+a+pedagogy+based+on+mimic+language+as+a+learning+strategy+that+often+calls+on+unrevealed+skills+for+learners.+It%27s+an+easy%2C+fun%2C+and+often+satisfying+strategy+%E2%80%94+but+it%2C+like+any+other+learning+technique%2C+has+its+own+set+of+instructions+that+must+be+used+rationally.">Mimic Language A strategy for learning oral language<br />
This article focuses on mimic language as a strategy for teaching the oral component of a foreign language. We pleaded for a pedagogy based on the corporality allowing students to appropriate the salient features of the foreign language. In any process of verbal and non-verbal communication, the mimic language occupies a dominating place. This non-verbal (or gestural) language is also a “mirror” translating and reflecting culture on a daily basis. It facilitates the assimilation of the oral code of a foreign language and makes it more explicit. On the other hand, it becomes an art in a class practice. It is a pedagogy based on mimic language as a learning strategy that often calls on unrevealed skills for learners. It&#039;s an easy, fun, and often satisfying strategy — but it, like any other learning technique, has its own set of instructions that must be used rationally.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+s%E2%80%99int%C3%A9resse+au+langage+mimique+comme+strat%C3%A9gie+de+faire+apprendre+lacomposante+orale+d%E2%80%99une+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re.+Nous+avons+plaid%C3%A9+pour+une+p%C3%A9dagogie+ax%C3%A9e+sur+lacorporalit%C3%A9+permettant+aux+%C3%A9tudiants+de+s%E2%80%99approprier+les+traits+saillant+de+la+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re.Dans+tout+processus+de+communication+verbale+et+non-verbale%2C+le+langage+mimique+occupe+uneplace+pr%C3%A9pond%C3%A9rante.+Ce+langage+non-verbal+%28ou+gestuel%29+est+aussi+un+%C2%AB+miroir+%C2%BB+traduisant+etrefl%C3%A9tant+la+culture+au+quotidien.+Il+facilite+l%E2%80%99assimilation+du+code+oral+d%E2%80%99une+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re+etla+rend+plus+explicite.+En+revanche%2C+il+devient+un+art+dans+une+pratique+de+classe.+Il+s%E2%80%99agit+d%E2%80%99unep%C3%A9dagogie+bas%C3%A9e+sur+le+langage+mimique+comme+strat%C3%A9gie+d%E2%80%99apprentissage+qui+fait+souvent+appel%C3%A0+des+comp%C3%A9tences+non-r%C3%A9v%C3%A9l%C3%A9s+chez+les+apprenants.+C%E2%80%99est+une+strat%C3%A9gie+facile%2C+amusante%2C+etsouvent+satisfaisante+%E2%80%93+mais+elle+a%2C+comme+toute+autre+technique+d%E2%80%99apprentissage%2C+son+propremode+d%E2%80%99emploi+qui+doit+%C3%AAtre+utilis%C3%A9+de+fa%C3%A7on+rationnelle.">Cet article s’intéresse au langage mimique comme stratégie de faire apprendre lacomposante orale d’une langue étrangère. Nous avons plaidé pour une pédagogie axée sur lacorporalité permettant aux étudiants de s’approprier les traits saillant de la langue étrangère.Dans tout processus de communication verbale et non-verbale, le langage mimique occupe uneplace prépondérante. Ce langage non-verbal (ou gestuel) est aussi un « miroir » traduisant etreflétant la culture au quotidien. Il facilite l’assimilation du code oral d’une langue étrangère etla rend plus explicite. En revanche, il devient un art dans une pratique de classe. Il s’agit d’unepédagogie basée sur le langage mimique comme stratégie d’apprentissage qui fait souvent appelà des compétences non-révélés chez les apprenants. C’est une stratégie facile, amusante, etsouvent satisfaisante – mais elle a, comme toute autre technique d’apprentissage, son propremode d’emploi qui doit être utilisé de façon rationnelle.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Traduction+et+Langues%3B+Vol+5+No+1+%282006%29%3A+Traduction+et+Langues+Volume+5%3A+Num%C3%A9ro%3A+1%2FD%C3%A9cembre+2006+%3B+92-96">Traduction et Langues; Vol 5 No 1 (2006): Traduction et Langues Volume 5: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2006 ; 92-96</a>]]></dcterms:source>
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    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=University+of+Oran+2+Mohamed+Ben+Ahmed">University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</a>]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2006-12-31">2006-12-31</a>]]></dcterms:date>
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</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://www.ajpsdz.org/dx/items/show/7143">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[<script>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Internet+in+Russia">Internet in Russia</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=pedagogical+use+of+the+Internet">pedagogical use of the Internet</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=intercultural+competence">intercultural competence</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=course+of+Russian+civilization.">course of Russian civilization.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Internet+en+Russie">Internet en Russie</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=usage+p%C3%A9dagogique+de+l%E2%80%99internet">usage pédagogique de l’internet</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=comp%C3%A9tence+interculturelle">compétence interculturelle</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=cours+de+civilisation+russe">cours de civilisation russe</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Use+of+new+techniques+%28Internet%29+in+foreign+language+courses%28Russian+civilisation%29%0AThis+article+deals+with+the+question+of+the+integration+of+new+techniques%2C+in+particular+the+Internet%2C+into+classroom+practice.+It+will+be+a+question+of+pedagogical+practices+centered+on+the+courses+of+Russian+civilization+with+Algerian+students+learning+Russian+as+a+foreign+language.+To+do+so%2C+we+presented+a+general+overview+of+the+Internet+in+Russia%2C+then+we+discussed+the+educational+use+of+the+Internet+in+order+to+arrive+at+recommendations+as+to+the+use+of+the+media+and+the+Internet+in+language+classes.However%2C+the+Internet+tool+constitutes+an+effective+educational+device+and+a+didactic+support+in+the+learning+of+foreign+languages+and+more+particularly+Russian+in+any+civilizational+course.+It+is+essential+to+introduce+this+new+technology+at+University+in+order+to+replace+traditional+techniques+and+adapt+to+international+standards.+As+a+result%2C+Algerian+specialists+must+look+into+account+Internet+methodology+or+Internet+didactics+for+the+sake+of+a+real+integration+of+new+technologies+in+higher+education.">Use of new techniques (Internet) in foreign language courses(Russian civilisation)<br />
This article deals with the question of the integration of new techniques, in particular the Internet, into classroom practice. It will be a question of pedagogical practices centered on the courses of Russian civilization with Algerian students learning Russian as a foreign language. To do so, we presented a general overview of the Internet in Russia, then we discussed the educational use of the Internet in order to arrive at recommendations as to the use of the media and the Internet in language classes.However, the Internet tool constitutes an effective educational device and a didactic support in the learning of foreign languages and more particularly Russian in any civilizational course. It is essential to introduce this new technology at University in order to replace traditional techniques and adapt to international standards. As a result, Algerian specialists must look into account Internet methodology or Internet didactics for the sake of a real integration of new technologies in higher education.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+traite+de+la+question+de+l%E2%80%99int%C3%A9gration+de+nouvelles+techniques+notamment+internet+dans+une+pratique+de+classe.+Il+sera+question+de+pratiques+p%C3%A9dagogiques+centr%C3%A9e+sur+les+cours+de+civilisation+russe+aupr%C3%A8s+d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudiants+Alg%C3%A9riens+apprenant+le+Russe+comme+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re.+Pour+ce+faire%2C+nous+avons+pr%C3%A9sent%C3%A9+une+vue+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+de+l%E2%80%99internet+en+Russie%2C+ensuite+nous+avons+discut%C3%A9+l%E2%80%99usage+p%C3%A9dagogique+de+l%E2%80%99internet+afin+de+parvenir+%C3%A0+des+recommandations+quant+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99usage+des+m%C3%A9dias+et+internet+en+classe+de+langues.Or%2C+l%E2%80%99outil+Internet+constitue+un+dispositif+p%C3%A9dagogique+et+un+support+didactique+efficace+dans+l%E2%80%99apprentissage+des+langues+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res+et+plus+particuli%C3%A8rement+le+russe+dans+tout+cours+civilisationnel.+Il+s%E2%80%99av%C3%A8re+indispensable+d%E2%80%99introduire+cette+nouvelle+technologie+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99universit%C3%A9+afin+de+substituer+les+techniques+traditionnelles+et+s%E2%80%99adapter+aux+normes+internationales.+De+ce+fait%2C+les+sp%C3%A9cialistes+alg%C3%A9riens+doivent+se+pencher+sur+la+m%C3%A9thodologie+Internet+ou+bien+la+didactique+d%E2%80%99Internet+dans+un+souci+d%E2%80%99une+int%C3%A9gration+r%C3%A9elle+des+nouvelles+technologies+dans+l%E2%80%99enseignement+sup%C3%A9rieur.">Cet article traite de la question de l’intégration de nouvelles techniques notamment internet dans une pratique de classe. Il sera question de pratiques pédagogiques centrée sur les cours de civilisation russe auprès d’étudiants Algériens apprenant le Russe comme langue étrangère. Pour ce faire, nous avons présenté une vue générale de l’internet en Russie, ensuite nous avons discuté l’usage pédagogique de l’internet afin de parvenir à des recommandations quant à l’usage des médias et internet en classe de langues.Or, l’outil Internet constitue un dispositif pédagogique et un support didactique efficace dans l’apprentissage des langues étrangères et plus particulièrement le russe dans tout cours civilisationnel. Il s’avère indispensable d’introduire cette nouvelle technologie à l’université afin de substituer les techniques traditionnelles et s’adapter aux normes internationales. De ce fait, les spécialistes algériens doivent se pencher sur la méthodologie Internet ou bien la didactique d’Internet dans un souci d’une intégration réelle des nouvelles technologies dans l’enseignement supérieur.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Traduction+et+Langues%3B+Vol+5+No+1+%282006%29%3A+Traduction+et+Langues+Volume+5%3A+Num%C3%A9ro%3A+1%2FD%C3%A9cembre+2006+%3B+85-91">Traduction et Langues; Vol 5 No 1 (2006): Traduction et Langues Volume 5: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2006 ; 85-91</a>]]></dcterms:source>
    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2600-6235">2600-6235</a>]]></dcterms:source>
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    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2006-12-31">2006-12-31</a>]]></dcterms:date>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Textbook+for+Algerian+students">Textbook for Algerian students</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Manuel+pour+les+%C3%A9tudiants+Alg%C3%A9riens">Manuel pour les étudiants Algériens</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%C3%A9cole+Alg%C3%A9rienne">école Algérienne</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=universit%C3%A9">université</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=apprentissage">apprentissage</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=m%C3%A9thodologie">méthodologie</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%26nbsp%3B%0AElaboration+of+a+Russian+language+Textbook+for+Algerian+Students%0AThe+Algerian+school+must+have+at+its+base+the+conditions+or+rudiments+necessary+to+give+a+certain+new+quality+to+the+strategy+of+the+development+of+education+by+making+it+more+human+and+modern.+The+stakes+are+high%2C+hence+the+need+to+reflect+on+the+development+of+a+teaching+program+that+responds+to+contemporary+teaching+methods.It+is+therefore+incumbent+on+the+university+to+put+all+the+means+of+useful+investigations+to+get+education+out+of+this+multidimensional+crisis+and+to+implement+a+new+teaching+model+and+finally+to+reform+university%2C+this+reform+imposes+a+reflection+on+the+model+of+university+that+we+want+to+establish+and+therefore+propose+a+planning+of+the+educational+process.For+students+of+the+Russian+language%2C+it+is+necessary+today+to+carry+out+a+pedagogical+%22Perestroika%22+and+to+draw+up+a+textbook+more+adapted+to+the+changes+perpetuated+in+Russia+since+the+1990s%2C+because+with+the+existing+textbooks+students+are+overwhelmed+by+events+and+are+far+from+responding+to+the+current+reality+in+Russia+and+in+the+world.%0AISSN+%3A+1112+%E2%80%93+397481L%E2%80%99%C3%A9cole+alg%C3%A9rienne+en+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral+et+l%E2%80%99universit%C3%A9+en+particulier+vit+un+malaise%2C+elle+doit+prendre+sa+responsabilit%C3%A9+quant+au+d%C3%A9veloppement+de+l%E2%80%99enseignement+en+tant+que+base+pouvant+servir+%C3%A0+un+d%C3%A9veloppement+social%2C+%C3%A9conomique+et+spirituel+de+notre+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9.Depuis+les+ann%C3%A9es+quatre-vingt%2C+nous+assistons+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9chec+du+syst%C3%A8me+%C3%A9ducatif+victime+des+surench%C3%A8res+politiciennes+et+proie+%C3%A0+un+syst%C3%A8me+r%C3%A9trograde+d%C3%A9pourvu+de+tout+caract%C3%A8re+scientifique.+%C3%80+partir+des+ann%C3%A9es+quatre-vingt-dix%2C+l%E2%80%99Alg%C3%A9rie+subit+des+changements+provoqu%C3%A9s+par+des+bouillonnements+sociaux%2C+%C3%A9conomiques+et+culturels%2C+Aujourd%E2%80%99hui+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99%C3%A8re+de+la+mondialisation%2C+l%E2%80%99universit%C3%A9+alg%C3%A9rienne+doit+se+mettre+au+diapason+avec+le+reste+des+universit%C3%A9s+dans+le+monde+et+rejoindre+le+banc+des+bons+%C3%A9coliers+dans+le+domaine+scientifique+car+tout+retard+nous+est+chaotique%2C+il+nous+met+en+marge+du+d%C3%A9veloppement+et+nous+rend+totalement+absent+de+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9criture+de+la+nouvelle+histoire+mondiale%2C+l%E2%80%99heure+est+donc+%C3%A0+la+restructuration.L%E2%80%99Alg%C3%A9rien+a+besoin+d%E2%80%99un+enseignement+de+qualit%C3%A9+qui+exige+un+apport+primordial+de+moyens+scientifiques+modernes.+Les+tendances+actuelles+pour+le+d%C3%A9veloppement+de+l%E2%80%99enseignement+exigent+%C3%A0+trouver+de+nouvelles+formes+et+m%C3%A9thodes+d%E2%80%99organisation+du+processus+%C3%A9ducatif.L%E2%80%99%C3%A9cole+alg%C3%A9rienne+doit+donc+avoir+%C3%A0+la+base+les+conditions+ou+rudiments+n%C3%A9cessaires+pour+donner+une+certaine+qualit%C3%A9+nouvelle+%C3%A0+la+strat%C3%A9gie+du+d%C3%A9veloppement+de+l%E2%80%99enseignement+en+le+rendant+plus+humain+et+moderne.+L%E2%80%99enjeu+est+grand+d%E2%80%99o%C3%B9+la+n%C3%A9cessit%C3%A9+de+r%C3%A9fl%C3%A9chir+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9laboration+d%E2%80%99un+programme+d%E2%80%99enseignement+r%C3%A9pondant+aux+m%C3%A9thodes+didactiques+contemporaines.Il+incombe+donc+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99universit%C3%A9+de+mettre+tous+les+moyens+d%E2%80%99investigations+utiles+pour+sortir+l+%E2%80%99+enseignement+de+cette+crise+multidimensionnelle+et+mettreOur+task+as+teachers+therefore+consists%2C+through+this+modest+work%2C+of+preparing+students+in+the+Russian+language+and+providing+them+with+the+necessary+material%2C+i.e.+the+textbook+to+serve+as+a+basis+for+learning+the+Russian+language%2C+but+without+the+effort+combined+with+the+teachers+and+the+didactic+means+necessary+and+obligatory+in+such+circumstances%2C+no+textbook%2C+no+matter+how+efficient%2C+can+carry+out+such+a+delicate+task.+Our+goal+is+to+ensure+that+the+student+has+good+pronunciation%2C+the+acquisition+of+a+large+number+of+vocabularies%2C+a+good+grammatical+knowledge+and+above+all+the+possibility+of+communicating+in+the+language+studied.it+should+be+noted+that+the+development+of+a+Russian+language+textbook+is+of+paramount+importance+for+the+Algerian+student%2C+because+the+radical+changes+observed+in+Russia+in+all+fields%2C+in+particular+those+relating+to+the+socio-economic+and+cultural+sphere%2C+have+lately%2C+must+in+one+way+or+another+make+some+more+than+necessary+corrections+to+the+content+of+the+said+textbook.Through+this+work+we+concluded+that+the+textbook+must+be+designed+according+to+the+requirements+of+the+time+and+must+serve+as+a+bridge+between+the+past+and+the+future%2C+it+is+a+window+through+which+we+look+at+the+other%2C+understand+him%2C+understand+his+culture%2C+his+way+of+life%2C+his+religion+and+learn+his+language+to+better+arm+oneself+with+the+rudiments+necessary+to+dialogue+with+him.+It+is+therefore+more+than+important+when+making+a+manual+to+take+all+the+parameters+into+consideration+and+leave+none+if+we+do+not+want+to+have+as+we+say+in+Russian+tales%3A+%E2%80%9C%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85%E2%80%9D.+%28Maisonette+on+chicken+feet%29%0A%26nbsp%3B%0A%26nbsp%3B">&amp;nbsp;<br />
Elaboration of a Russian language Textbook for Algerian Students<br />
The Algerian school must have at its base the conditions or rudiments necessary to give a certain new quality to the strategy of the development of education by making it more human and modern. The stakes are high, hence the need to reflect on the development of a teaching program that responds to contemporary teaching methods.It is therefore incumbent on the university to put all the means of useful investigations to get education out of this multidimensional crisis and to implement a new teaching model and finally to reform university, this reform imposes a reflection on the model of university that we want to establish and therefore propose a planning of the educational process.For students of the Russian language, it is necessary today to carry out a pedagogical &quot;Perestroika&quot; and to draw up a textbook more adapted to the changes perpetuated in Russia since the 1990s, because with the existing textbooks students are overwhelmed by events and are far from responding to the current reality in Russia and in the world.<br />
ISSN : 1112 – 397481L’école algérienne en général et l’université en particulier vit un malaise, elle doit prendre sa responsabilité quant au développement de l’enseignement en tant que base pouvant servir à un développement social, économique et spirituel de notre société.Depuis les années quatre-vingt, nous assistons à l’échec du système éducatif victime des surenchères politiciennes et proie à un système rétrograde dépourvu de tout caractère scientifique. À partir des années quatre-vingt-dix, l’Algérie subit des changements provoqués par des bouillonnements sociaux, économiques et culturels, Aujourd’hui à l’ère de la mondialisation, l’université algérienne doit se mettre au diapason avec le reste des universités dans le monde et rejoindre le banc des bons écoliers dans le domaine scientifique car tout retard nous est chaotique, il nous met en marge du développement et nous rend totalement absent de l’écriture de la nouvelle histoire mondiale, l’heure est donc à la restructuration.L’Algérien a besoin d’un enseignement de qualité qui exige un apport primordial de moyens scientifiques modernes. Les tendances actuelles pour le développement de l’enseignement exigent à trouver de nouvelles formes et méthodes d’organisation du processus éducatif.L’école algérienne doit donc avoir à la base les conditions ou rudiments nécessaires pour donner une certaine qualité nouvelle à la stratégie du développement de l’enseignement en le rendant plus humain et moderne. L’enjeu est grand d’où la nécessité de réfléchir à l’élaboration d’un programme d’enseignement répondant aux méthodes didactiques contemporaines.Il incombe donc à l’université de mettre tous les moyens d’investigations utiles pour sortir l ’ enseignement de cette crise multidimensionnelle et mettreOur task as teachers therefore consists, through this modest work, of preparing students in the Russian language and providing them with the necessary material, i.e. the textbook to serve as a basis for learning the Russian language, but without the effort combined with the teachers and the didactic means necessary and obligatory in such circumstances, no textbook, no matter how efficient, can carry out such a delicate task. Our goal is to ensure that the student has good pronunciation, the acquisition of a large number of vocabularies, a good grammatical knowledge and above all the possibility of communicating in the language studied.it should be noted that the development of a Russian language textbook is of paramount importance for the Algerian student, because the radical changes observed in Russia in all fields, in particular those relating to the socio-economic and cultural sphere, have lately, must in one way or another make some more than necessary corrections to the content of the said textbook.Through this work we concluded that the textbook must be designed according to the requirements of the time and must serve as a bridge between the past and the future, it is a window through which we look at the other, understand him, understand his culture, his way of life, his religion and learn his language to better arm oneself with the rudiments necessary to dialogue with him. It is therefore more than important when making a manual to take all the parameters into consideration and leave none if we do not want to have as we say in Russian tales: “Избушка на курьих ножках”. (Maisonette on chicken feet)<br />
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    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+vise+%C3%A0+mener+une+r%C3%A9flexion+sur+les+crit%C3%A8res+n%C3%A9cessaires+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9laboration+d%E2%80%99un+manuel+de+la+langue+Russe+destin%C3%A9+aux+%C3%A9tudiants+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99Universit%C3%A9+Alg%C3%A9rienne.+Notre+but+est+de+mettre+en+relief+les+difficult%C3%A9s+rencontr%C3%A9es+par+nos+%C3%A9tudiants+afin+d%E2%80%99acqu%C3%A9rir+la+langue+Russe+dans+l%E2%80%99absence+d%E2%80%99un+manuel+adapt%C3%A9+%C3%A0+la+r%C3%A9alis%C3%A9+au+monde+russophone.+Il+s%E2%80%99agit+de+savoir+communiquer+avec+l%E2%80%99autre+en+utilisant+sa+langue+sans+oublier+les+soubassements+culturels+qui+accompagnent+cet+acte+d%E2%80%99apprentissage+d%E2%80%99une+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re.Cette+recherche+nous+a+conduit+%C3%A0+la+conclusion+que+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9laboration+d%E2%80%99un+manuel+de+langue+russe+est+d%E2%80%99une+grande+importance+pour+les+%C3%A9tudiants+Alg%C3%A9riens+car+ils+doivent+%C3%AAtre+conscients+des+changements+radicaux+observ%C3%A9s+en+Russie+dans+tous+les+domaines+en+particulier+ceux+relatifs+%C3%A0+la+sph%C3%A8re+socio-%C3%A9conomique+et+culturelle+ces+derniers+temps.+Ce+manuel+doit+%C3%AAtre+con%C3%A7u+de+fa%C3%A7on+%C3%A0+ce+qu%E2%80%99il+comporte+ces+changements+afin+de+permettre+%C3%A0+nos+%C3%A9tudiants+de+communiquer+avec+l%E2%80%99autre%2C+le+comprendre%2C+comprendre+sa+culture%2C+son+mode+de+vie%2C+sa+religion+et+apprendre+sa+langue+pour+mieux+dialoguer+et+n%C3%A9gocier+surtout.Il+s%E2%80%99av%C3%A8re+est+donc+primordial+d%E2%80%99%C3%A9laborer+ce+manuel+tout+en+prenant+en+compte+les+param%C3%A8tres+mentionn%C3%A9s+et+ne+laisser+rien+au+hasard+comme+disait+le+dicton+russe+%C2%AB+%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85+%C2%BB+%28Maisonnette+sur+des+pattes+de+poule%29.">Cet article vise à mener une réflexion sur les critères nécessaires à l’élaboration d’un manuel de la langue Russe destiné aux étudiants à l’Université Algérienne. Notre but est de mettre en relief les difficultés rencontrées par nos étudiants afin d’acquérir la langue Russe dans l’absence d’un manuel adapté à la réalisé au monde russophone. Il s’agit de savoir communiquer avec l’autre en utilisant sa langue sans oublier les soubassements culturels qui accompagnent cet acte d’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère.Cette recherche nous a conduit à la conclusion que l’élaboration d’un manuel de langue russe est d’une grande importance pour les étudiants Algériens car ils doivent être conscients des changements radicaux observés en Russie dans tous les domaines en particulier ceux relatifs à la sphère socio-économique et culturelle ces derniers temps. Ce manuel doit être conçu de façon à ce qu’il comporte ces changements afin de permettre à nos étudiants de communiquer avec l’autre, le comprendre, comprendre sa culture, son mode de vie, sa religion et apprendre sa langue pour mieux dialoguer et négocier surtout.Il s’avère est donc primordial d’élaborer ce manuel tout en prenant en compte les paramètres mentionnés et ne laisser rien au hasard comme disait le dicton russe « Избушка на курьих ножках » (Maisonnette sur des pattes de poule).</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Le+ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne+de+la+diversit%C3%A9+linguistique+et+culturelle+dans+les+diff%C3%A9rents+pays+et+r%C3%A9gions+du+monde+re%C3%A7oit+d%C3%A9lib%C3%A9r%C3%A9ment+une+attention+particuli%C3%A8re+dans+ce+processus+d%27information.+Guid%C3%A9s+par+le+principe+du+pluralisme+linguistique+dans+la+conception+des+programmes+audiovisuels+respectifs+%28culture%2C+affaires%2C+politique%2C+religion%2C+sport%2C+amour%2C+tourisme%2C+vie+quotidienne%2C+...%29%2C+les+experts+des+m%C3%A9dias+essaient+d%27utiliser+les+langues+mondiales+bien+connues+%28anglais%2C+fran%C3%A7ais%2C+arabe%2C+espagnol%2C+allemand%2C+chinois%29+et+de+tenir+compte+des+diff%C3%A9rences+culturelles.+En+plus+de+ces+langues+r%C3%A9pandues%2C+les+langues+dites+ethniques+des+minorit%C3%A9s+%28kiswahili%2C+luo%2C+ourdou%2C+kabyle%2C+croate%2C+lituanien%2C+afrikaans%2C%29+sont+%C3%A9galement+prises+en+compte.Sur+la+base+d%27une+%C3%A9valuation+pragmatique%2C+cet+article+montre+dans+quelle+mesure+l%27offre+multilingue+des+m%C3%A9dias+d%C3%A9termine+le+caract%C3%A8re+des+gens+et+combien+d%27obstacles+doivent+%C3%AAtre+surmont%C3%A9s+pour+que+le+pluralisme+linguistique+dans+le+secteur+des+m%C3%A9dias+puisse+avoir+un+impact+optimal+sur+la+m%C3%A9moire+collective.+Des+exemples+concrets+de+la+presse+alg%C3%A9rienne+sont+pr%C3%A9sent%C3%A9s+%C3%A0+titre+d%27illustration%2C+qui+soulignent+l%27importance+du+multilinguisme+pour+l%27%C3%A9change+socioculturel+et+%C3%A9conomique+souhait%C3%A9.Cette+recherche+m%C3%A8ne+%C3%A0+dire+que+le+pluralisme+linguistique+recherch%C3%A9+par+l%27Alg%C3%A9rie+dans+le+secteur+des+m%C3%A9dias+constitue+une+base+fiable+pour+une+transmission+optimale+de+l%27information.+La+vari%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+langues+et+des+cultures+qui+existent+dans+ce+pays+signifie+que+les+organisations+m%C3%A9diatiques+doivent+porter+une+attention+particuli%C3%A8re+aux+langues+et+dialectes+les+plus+couramment+utilis%C3%A9s+dans+les+diff%C3%A9rentes+r%C3%A9gions+alg%C3%A9riennes%2C+afin+d%27assurer+une+communication+efficace+avec+le+public.%0AEn+ce+qui+concerne+le+placement+de+l%27article+de+journal+respectif+dans+la+presse+%C3%A9crite+et+la+radio%2C+le+crit%C3%A8re+mondial+d%27actualit%C3%A9+ou+l%27importance+du+sujet+trait%C3%A9+est+pris+en+compte.+Ce+facteur+d%C3%A9cidera+quelle+mati%C3%A8re+sera+prioritaire%2C+qu%27il+s%27agisse+de+l%27arabe%2C+du+fran%C3%A7ais+ou+du+berb%C3%A8re.+La+publication+d%27articles+de+journaux+dans+les+m%C3%A9dias+alg%C3%A9riens+ne+d%C3%A9pend+pas+de+la+langue+choisie.">Le phénomène de la diversité linguistique et culturelle dans les différents pays et régions du monde reçoit délibérément une attention particulière dans ce processus d&#039;information. Guidés par le principe du pluralisme linguistique dans la conception des programmes audiovisuels respectifs (culture, affaires, politique, religion, sport, amour, tourisme, vie quotidienne, ...), les experts des médias essaient d&#039;utiliser les langues mondiales bien connues (anglais, français, arabe, espagnol, allemand, chinois) et de tenir compte des différences culturelles. En plus de ces langues répandues, les langues dites ethniques des minorités (kiswahili, luo, ourdou, kabyle, croate, lituanien, afrikaans,) sont également prises en compte.Sur la base d&#039;une évaluation pragmatique, cet article montre dans quelle mesure l&#039;offre multilingue des médias détermine le caractère des gens et combien d&#039;obstacles doivent être surmontés pour que le pluralisme linguistique dans le secteur des médias puisse avoir un impact optimal sur la mémoire collective. Des exemples concrets de la presse algérienne sont présentés à titre d&#039;illustration, qui soulignent l&#039;importance du multilinguisme pour l&#039;échange socioculturel et économique souhaité.Cette recherche mène à dire que le pluralisme linguistique recherché par l&#039;Algérie dans le secteur des médias constitue une base fiable pour une transmission optimale de l&#039;information. La variété des langues et des cultures qui existent dans ce pays signifie que les organisations médiatiques doivent porter une attention particulière aux langues et dialectes les plus couramment utilisés dans les différentes régions algériennes, afin d&#039;assurer une communication efficace avec le public.<br />
En ce qui concerne le placement de l&#039;article de journal respectif dans la presse écrite et la radio, le critère mondial d&#039;actualité ou l&#039;importance du sujet traité est pris en compte. Ce facteur décidera quelle matière sera prioritaire, qu&#039;il s&#039;agisse de l&#039;arabe, du français ou du berbère. La publication d&#039;articles de journaux dans les médias algériens ne dépend pas de la langue choisie.</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%26nbsp%3B%0ALinguistic+Pluralistic+Media+Strategies+Opportunities+for+multilingual+societies+and+their+information+culture%0AThe+phenomenon+of+linguistic+and+cultural+diversity+in+the+individual+countries+and+regions+of+the+world+is+deliberately+given+significant+attention+in+this+information+process.+Guided+by+the+principle+of+linguistic+pluralism+in+the+design+of+the+respective+audiovisual+programs+%28culture%2C+business%2C+politics%2C+religion%2C+sport%2C+love%2C+tourism%2C+everyday+life%2C+...%29%2C+the+media+experts+try+to+use+the+well-known+world+languages+%28English%2C+French%2C+Arabic%2C+Spanish%2C+German%2C+Chinese%29+and+to+take+cultural+differences+into+account.+In+addition+to+these+widespread+languages%2C+the+so-called+ethnic+languages+of+minorities+%28Kiswahili%2C+Luo%2C+Urdu%2C+Kabyle%2C+Croatian%2C+Lithuanian%2C+Afrikaans%2C%29+are+also+taken+into+account.Based+on+a+pragmatic+assessment%2C+this+article+shows+the+extent+to+which+the+multilingual+range+of+media+determines+people%27s+character+and+what+number+of+hurdles+need+to+be+overcome+so+that+language+pluralism+in+the+media+sector+can+have+an+optimal+impact+on+collective+memory.+Concrete+examples+from+the+Algerian+press+are+shown+for+illustration%2C+which+emphasize+the+importance+of+multilingualism+for+the+desired+socio-cultural+and+economic+exchange.This+research+leads+to+say+that+language+pluralism+pursued+by+Algeria+in+the+media+sector+forms+a+reliable+basis+for+the+optimal+forwarding+of+information.+The+variety+of+languages+and+cultures+that+coexist+in+this+country+means+that+media+organizations+need+to+pay+particular+attention+to+the+languages+and+dialects+most+commonly+used+in+the+different+Algerian+regions%2C+in+order+to+ensure+effective+communication+with+the+public.With+regard+to+the+placement+of+the+respective+newspaper+article+in+print+and+radio%2C+the+worldwide+criterion+of+topicality+or+the+importance+of+the+topic+treated+is+taken+into+account.+This+factor+will+decide+which+variety+will+be+given+priority%2C+whether+it+is+Arabic%2C+French+or+Berber.+The+publication+of+newspaper+articles+in+the+Algerian+media+does+not+depend+on+the+selected+language.%0A%26nbsp%3B%0A%26nbsp%3B">&amp;nbsp;<br />
Linguistic Pluralistic Media Strategies Opportunities for multilingual societies and their information culture<br />
The phenomenon of linguistic and cultural diversity in the individual countries and regions of the world is deliberately given significant attention in this information process. Guided by the principle of linguistic pluralism in the design of the respective audiovisual programs (culture, business, politics, religion, sport, love, tourism, everyday life, ...), the media experts try to use the well-known world languages (English, French, Arabic, Spanish, German, Chinese) and to take cultural differences into account. In addition to these widespread languages, the so-called ethnic languages of minorities (Kiswahili, Luo, Urdu, Kabyle, Croatian, Lithuanian, Afrikaans,) are also taken into account.Based on a pragmatic assessment, this article shows the extent to which the multilingual range of media determines people&#039;s character and what number of hurdles need to be overcome so that language pluralism in the media sector can have an optimal impact on collective memory. Concrete examples from the Algerian press are shown for illustration, which emphasize the importance of multilingualism for the desired socio-cultural and economic exchange.This research leads to say that language pluralism pursued by Algeria in the media sector forms a reliable basis for the optimal forwarding of information. The variety of languages and cultures that coexist in this country means that media organizations need to pay particular attention to the languages and dialects most commonly used in the different Algerian regions, in order to ensure effective communication with the public.With regard to the placement of the respective newspaper article in print and radio, the worldwide criterion of topicality or the importance of the topic treated is taken into account. This factor will decide which variety will be given priority, whether it is Arabic, French or Berber. The publication of newspaper articles in the Algerian media does not depend on the selected language.<br />
&amp;nbsp;<br />
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</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://www.ajpsdz.org/dx/items/show/7140">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[<script>
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				var str = 'Language Learning and Teaching Methods How a child learns his mother tongue';
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    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Speech+and+speaking">Speech and speaking</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=language+performance">language performance</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=child">child</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=language+skills">language skills</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=learning+and+teaching+methods.">learning and teaching methods.</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Parole+et+expression+orale">Parole et expression orale</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=performance+langagi%C3%A8re">performance langagière</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=enfant">enfant</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=comp%C3%A9tences+linguistiques">compétences linguistiques</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:subject><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=m%C3%A9thodes+d%27apprentissage+et+d%27enseignement">méthodes d&#039;apprentissage et d&#039;enseignement</a>]]></dcterms:subject>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=This+paper+attempts+to+shed+light+on+the+way+the+child+learns+his+mother+tongue.+Theoretical+considerations+have+been+given+to+explain+the+mechanisms+of+child+language+acquisition.+Then%2C+the+issues+of+learning+a+foreign+language+have+been+discussed.+In+fact%2C+foreign+language+learning+has+raised+much+controversial+debates.+Reality+and+various+experiences+demonstrated+that+there+is+no+satisfactory+method+for+teaching.+Because+of+the+lack+of+feasibility%2C+a+method+fails+to+be+used+or+it+is+substituted+by+a+new+one.+It+is+indeed+very+difficult+to+opt+for+only+one+single+method+for+both+children+and+adults.+Many+factors+have+proved+to+be+influential+into+the+process+of+acquisition%2Flearning.+It+is+undeniably+realized+that+to+learn+a+language%2C+be+it+the+mother+tongue+or+a+foreign+language%2C+is+to+learn+how+to+practice+it%2C+how+to+use+it%2C+and+to+appropriate+and+assimilate+the+different+ways+to+respond+to+it+taking+into+account+the+circumstances+of+the+situation.%26nbsp%3B">This paper attempts to shed light on the way the child learns his mother tongue. Theoretical considerations have been given to explain the mechanisms of child language acquisition. Then, the issues of learning a foreign language have been discussed. In fact, foreign language learning has raised much controversial debates. Reality and various experiences demonstrated that there is no satisfactory method for teaching. Because of the lack of feasibility, a method fails to be used or it is substituted by a new one. It is indeed very difficult to opt for only one single method for both children and adults. Many factors have proved to be influential into the process of acquisition/learning. It is undeniably realized that to learn a language, be it the mother tongue or a foreign language, is to learn how to practice it, how to use it, and to appropriate and assimilate the different ways to respond to it taking into account the circumstances of the situation.&amp;nbsp;</a>]]></dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=41&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cet+article+tente+d%27%C3%A9clairer+la+mani%C3%A8re+dont+l%27enfant+apprend+sa+langue+maternelle.+Des+consid%C3%A9rations+th%C3%A9oriques+ont+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+donn%C3%A9es+pour+expliquer+les+m%C3%A9canismes+d%27acquisition+du+langage+chez+l%27enfant.+Ensuite%2C+les+enjeux+de+l%27apprentissage+d%27une+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re+ont+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+abord%C3%A9s.L%27apprentissage+des+langues+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res+a+soulev%C3%A9+de+nombreuses+controverses.+Aucune+m%C3%A9thode+n%27a+r%C3%A9ellement+montr%C3%A9+de+r%C3%A9sultats+satisfaisants.+Chaque+nouvelle+m%C3%A9thode+est+salu%C3%A9e+avec+beaucoup+d%27enthousiasme%2C+elle+reste+en+vogue+plus+ou+moins+longtemps%2C+puis+elle+est+finalement+abandonn%C3%A9e+soit+parce+que+sa+faisabilit%C3%A9+n%27a+pas+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+prouv%C3%A9e%2C+soit+parce+qu%27une+nouvelle+m%C3%A9thode+l%27a+supplant%C3%A9e.+Il+est+en+effet+tr%C3%A8s+difficile+de+proposer+une+m%C3%A9thode+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+applicable+tant+les+situations+et+les+besoins+des+apprenants+pr%C3%A9sentent+de+nombreuses+variables.+L%27apprenant+est-il+un+enfant+ou+un+adulte+%3F+Apprend-il+avec+un+enseignant+ou+seul+%3F+%C3%A0+l%27aide+d%27enregistrements+ou+de+diffusions+de+le%C3%A7ons+%3F+sur+quel+syst%C3%A8me+peut-il+se+concentrer+%3F+a-t-il+besoin+d%27un+cursus+s%27%C3%A9talant+sur+plusieurs+ann%C3%A9es+ou+cherche-t-il+%C3%A0+acqu%C3%A9rir+l%27essentiel+dans+un+temps+beaucoup+plus+limit%C3%A9+%3F+Quelles+que+soient+les+r%C3%A9ponses+%C3%A0+ces+questions%2C+il+faut+admettre+que+dans+presque+tous+les+cas%2C+l%27enfant+apprendra+l%27anglais+de+mani%C3%A8re+artificielle%2C+c%27est-%C3%A0-dire+tr%C3%A8s+diff%C3%A9remment+de+la+mani%C3%A8re+naturelle+dont+il+a+acquis+sa+langue+maternelle%2C+avec+une+exposition+constante+%C3%A0+la+langue+de+sa+famille%2C+de+son+environnement+et+avec+une+forte+motivation+instinctive+pour+apprendre+un+moyen+de+communication+verbale+efficace.+Apprendre+une+langue%2C+que+ce+soit+sa+langue+maternelle+ou+une+langue+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8re%2C+c%27est+apprendre+%C3%A0+l%27utiliser%2C+%C3%A0+r%C3%A9pondre+aux+situations+en+y+disant+les+choses+qui+conviennent%2C+%C3%A0+comprendre+ce+que+les+autres+y+disent+et%2C+finalement%2C+%C3%A0+lire+et+%C3%A0+%C3%A9crire+dans+cette+langue.%26nbsp%3B">Cet article tente d&#039;éclairer la manière dont l&#039;enfant apprend sa langue maternelle. Des considérations théoriques ont été données pour expliquer les mécanismes d&#039;acquisition du langage chez l&#039;enfant. Ensuite, les enjeux de l&#039;apprentissage d&#039;une langue étrangère ont été abordés.L&#039;apprentissage des langues étrangères a soulevé de nombreuses controverses. Aucune méthode n&#039;a réellement montré de résultats satisfaisants. Chaque nouvelle méthode est saluée avec beaucoup d&#039;enthousiasme, elle reste en vogue plus ou moins longtemps, puis elle est finalement abandonnée soit parce que sa faisabilité n&#039;a pas été prouvée, soit parce qu&#039;une nouvelle méthode l&#039;a supplantée. Il est en effet très difficile de proposer une méthode générale applicable tant les situations et les besoins des apprenants présentent de nombreuses variables. L&#039;apprenant est-il un enfant ou un adulte ? Apprend-il avec un enseignant ou seul ? à l&#039;aide d&#039;enregistrements ou de diffusions de leçons ? sur quel système peut-il se concentrer ? a-t-il besoin d&#039;un cursus s&#039;étalant sur plusieurs années ou cherche-t-il à acquérir l&#039;essentiel dans un temps beaucoup plus limité ? Quelles que soient les réponses à ces questions, il faut admettre que dans presque tous les cas, l&#039;enfant apprendra l&#039;anglais de manière artificielle, c&#039;est-à-dire très différemment de la manière naturelle dont il a acquis sa langue maternelle, avec une exposition constante à la langue de sa famille, de son environnement et avec une forte motivation instinctive pour apprendre un moyen de communication verbale efficace. Apprendre une langue, que ce soit sa langue maternelle ou une langue étrangère, c&#039;est apprendre à l&#039;utiliser, à répondre aux situations en y disant les choses qui conviennent, à comprendre ce que les autres y disent et, finalement, à lire et à écrire dans cette langue.&amp;nbsp;</a>]]></dcterms:description>
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    <dcterms:source><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=48&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Traduction+et+Langues%3B+Vol+5+No+1+%282006%29%3A+Traduction+et+Langues+Volume+5%3A+Num%C3%A9ro%3A+1%2FD%C3%A9cembre+2006+%3B+64-68">Traduction et Langues; Vol 5 No 1 (2006): Traduction et Langues Volume 5: Numéro: 1/Décembre 2006 ; 64-68</a>]]></dcterms:source>
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    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[<a href="/dx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=40&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2006-12-31">2006-12-31</a>]]></dcterms:date>
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