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                <text>The grammar of the Port Royal
The Port-Royal Grammar (originally Grammaire générale et raisonnée contenant les fondemens de l'art de parler, expliqués d'une manière claire et naturelle, "General and Rational Grammar, containing the fundamentals of the art of speaking, explained in a clear and natural manner") was the underlying basis in the analysis and philosophy of language.In thsi article, we focus on The Grammar of Port Royal for ist importance for learners of a foreign language to amke the correlation between language and logic are intermingled. Indeed, Arnauld and Lancelot's approach to language is historical, comparative, and philosophical. Discussing the essence of French, they give examples from Latin, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Spanish, Italian, and German. We attempt in this paper to highlight these articulations and their different manifestations.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 2 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2015; 138-145</text>
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                <text>The Hassani community draws heavily on the nonverbal language component for the sake of social organization. The female marital status constitutes an absorbing non-word aspect, wherein the social organization of women’s relations gives rise to dense semiotic and communicative weight. Along with this focus, this article has endeavored in the light of the anthroposemiotics theory to probe into how women in the Hassani community have recourse to natural cosmetic substances to physically unfold their marital status. The article in effect dissected the female marital status on the grounds of three major body parts, namely: hands and feet/eyes designating celibacy status and divorce, widowhood, and marriage respectively. The work findings by way of synchronic analysis cast light on the semiotic and communicative code underlying the Hassani social organization in the case of a woman’s marital status. Within the confines of anthroposemiotics and communication paradigms, the interpretation of meaning, the structural-processual aspect of nonlinguistic interaction, and the conventionality of symbolic coding lay down the bulk of the theoretical grounding to approach social organization in the Hassani community.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 1 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 1/Août 2013; 40-57</text>
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                <text>The Anthroposemiosis of Social Organization in the Hassani Community: The Case of Female Marital Status</text>
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                <text>The Use of short films in Deutsch Lessons as a Means for Promoting Listening and Comprehension
The use of films in Deutsch lessons has already been examined in many studies. Its influences and its major role in German language teaching classes were treated and well-documented because of the various tasks common to this type of teaching. However, it was found that the use of films in the classroom does not only bring positive effects but also in terms of schedule it is possible. It would be too long and tedious for students to work on the same film and topic during multiple sessions. However, this is not the case of short films, which don't take much time but make it possible to cover different topics in a short time. This reason motivated me to use this tool, since I also work as a teacher in the field of German as a foreign language. Due to the fact that the short film is an interesting medium, it currently stands as a research field for many studies. The aim of the studies is primarily to evaluate the effects of this medium in foreign language teaching. In this article I deal mainly with the impact of short films on the understanding and perception of the content and input. Then, I presents some exercises that I gave my students during the course, followed by the discussion of the experiment and its interpretations. I concluded that The use of short film as a course material makes it possible to visualize the context in a more vivid way than simple textbook illustrations. Its use can stimulate attention and create a natural communication situation for non-native learners. In this context, this article aimed to briefly discuss the advantages of short films in a German langauge teaching class as a foreign language as well as to present its pedagogical uses. I showed how the short film can be put at the service of teachers to improve the understanding of their learners.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 2 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2015; 192-200</text>
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                <text>Der Kurzfilmeinsatz im DaF- Unterricht : Ein Mittel zur Förderung des Hör- und Sehverstehen</text>
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                <text>The narration of tales in the FLE class: interests and practices
The narration of the tale already has a certain history as a pedagogical support in the teaching/learning of French as a foreign language. Many journals have devoted articles to it that offer methodologies for its exploitation. Generally, it is literary, written tales that are retained and used with a view to acquiring linguistic skills, grammatical in particular; if the number of articles is quite considerable, the number of educational achievements in FLE class published resulting from these reflections has remained modest. As narrative competence is omnipresent in daily language practices in the teaching of French as a foreign language, we will try to answer a central question: how to insert effectively the narration of the tale in the course of French as a foreign language at school, both from the point of view of its adaptation to our young Algerian learners of French as a foreign language and of its pedagogical virtue.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 1 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 1/Août 2013; 33-39</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i1</text>
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                <text>Narration</text>
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                <text>tale</text>
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                <text>teaching of French as a foreign language</text>
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                <text>narrative competence</text>
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                <text>Algerian learner</text>
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                <text>teaching of French as a foreign language</text>
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                <text>narrative competence</text>
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                <text>Algerian learner.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324515">
                <text>La narration des contes en classe du FLE : intérêts et pratiques</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324427">
                <text>Haddouche,  Fethi</text>
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                <text>Colonial languages have caused a serious epistemological upheaval in the mind of Africa. Many aspects of African cultural identity are lost due to the failure of these languages to name concepts that do not exist in the semantic scope of the colonial linguistic structures. This article studies Chinua Achebe’s attempt to write back to the colonial discourse which has for a long translated African culture in Manichean ways that are informed by racist ideologies, most of which are used to maintain concepts and definitions rooted mainly in the anthropological imagination. Highlighting semantic gaps and ambiguities in the colonial representation of African culture, he commits himself, through his novel Things Fall Apart, to establish the ontological and epistemological perspectives of African cultural identity in an artistic manner. This novel becomes a narrative space that reflects the ideological struggle between the culture of the colonizer and the colonized for social and political dominance.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/647/529</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324445">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 1 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 1/Août 2013; 24-32</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>1112-3974</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i1</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Epistemology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324456">
                <text>Western thought</text>
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                <text>worldview</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324460">
                <text>anthropology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324462">
                <text>holistic thinking.</text>
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                <text>Cultural Clash and the Manichean Translation of African Culture in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
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      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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                <text>Bouregba, Mohamed</text>
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                <text>Multilingualism in Algeria between the proclaimed and the experienced
In the Maghreb, the term Arabization is synonymous to the restoration of the Arabic language. Why? The mother tongue of the Algerian population is Arabic or one of the Berber languages, depending on the region. As non-written languages, mother tongues come in numerous varieties, sometimes referred to as dialects. Before colonization, the only written language was what is known as classical or written Arabic, introduced along with Islam in the seventh century. Later, spoken and written French was forced to become the official language of the country. In this paper, we will discuss the coexistence of these varieties within the Algerian context between what is proclaimed and reality.</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i2.762</text>
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                <text>deu</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 2 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2015; 146-151</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>1112-3974</text>
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                <text>Multilingualism</text>
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                <text>Multilingualism</text>
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                <text>maghreb</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="324473">
                <text>Mehrsprachigkeit in Algerien, zwischen dem Proklamierten und dem Erlebten</text>
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                <text>Ouahmiche,  Ghania</text>
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                <text>Different processes take place to help speakers accommodate the alien items to their system. This research aims to explain the different conversion rules underlying the transfer of French linguistic materials to the dialect of Oran. It is more precisely a question of describing the productive processes in the speaking of Oran (OrA) as it is practiced by students at the University of Oran. In addition, the analysis focuses mainly on the transfer of two categories (nouns and verbs) which are likely to be adapted to the speaking system of Oran. The analysis is also based on spontaneous conversations between students recorded in various communication situations. The major findings inform us that adaptation strategies are not sporadic dia-systemic rules but rather regular analogical conventions. Adaptation is used consciously and unconsciously to fulfill some communicative functions.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Borrowing adaptation routines</text>
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                <text>dia-systemic conversion rules</text>
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                <text>French (Fr)</text>
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                <text>truncation</text>
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                <text>Literary Writing and Multilingualism
Plurilingualism constitutes fundamental characteristics of literary writing, and also constitutes important paradigms for the description of the language effects that found literary texts. We wish to study within the framework of this article the modalities of inscription and the meaning of multilingualism in the novel: the guardian of the shadows of Wasiny Laredj. We propose that despite the fact that the Guardian of the Shadows is written mainly in the Classical Arabic language, several clues signal to the reader that the text employs languages and levels of language other than the Classical Arabic of the text. This study proposes to identify these plurilinguistic elements in order to arrive at a formula that is representative of this fact in the literary text. The analysis will also examine how the paradigms of plurilingualism contribute to elucidating the question of the quest for identity in the literary text.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 2 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2015; 210-222</text>
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                <text>الكتابة الأدبية والتعدد اللغوي</text>
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                <text>El-Rehail, Hussein</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Vocabulary learning and development of communicative competence
This study aims to demonstrate that the development of the communicative competence of Arab speakers requires a thorough knowledge not only of simple lexical units but also of fixed lexical units. These are distinguished from simple lexical units, on the one hand by their form and on the other hand by their semantics. Indeed, the semantics of these sequences is very often marked by the cultural imprints characteristic of each linguistic community. We, therefore, seek in this study to undertake a reflection on the means likely to sensitize Arab speakers to the linguistic and cultural facts to ensure a better appropriation of the fixed sequences.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 1 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 1/Août 2013; 6-12</text>
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                <text>communicative approach</text>
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                <text>polylexicality</text>
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                <text>semantic opacity</text>
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                <text>intercultural communication.</text>
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                <text>Apprentissage du lexique et développement de la compétence communicative</text>
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                <text>U.S politicians have introduced a modern way in their electoral campaigns through the use of social media sites in order to transmit their political messages for mobilization purposes. In fact, such sites allow candidates to market themselves and to facilitate interaction with their potential voters. Social media constitutes a shift in the media landscape, patterns a new guide for political communication, and allows candidates craft their political messages. Many scholars posit that traditional methods are losing ground in our modern times. Social networking sites like Face book show their successful use allowing reaching voters and influencing their choices. The purpose of this article is concerned with the analysis of the role this modern way plays taking the American election campaign case. As an example, Barack Obama’s campaign is taken as an example</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 2 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 02 / Décembre 2015; 41-51</text>
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