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                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>BABA SLIMANE , Nour El Houda</text>
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                <text>BAOUNI, Tahar</text>
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                <text>بلعيدي, محمد</text>
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                <text>2023-06-04</text>
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                <text>2023-01-15</text>
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                <text>Algiers is a Mediterranean city with complex geo historical and geomorphological characteristics which have influenced the urban development of the city and therefore its transport network. The latter has long encountered challenges and constraints for its fair and balanced operation. This article addresses this question of constraints and challenges for transport and mobility in Algiers through a geo historical reading based on the theory of the three ages of the city, followed by a reading of its geomorphological landscape, and all the agents involved in the creation of the latter and which influence the organization of the transport and mobility network in Algiers.</text>
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                <text>Alger est une ville méditerranéenne avec des caractéristiques géo historiques et géomorphologiques complexes qui ont influencé le développement urbain de la ville et par conséquent son réseau de transport. Ce dernier a depuis longtemps rencontré des défis et des contraintes pour son fonctionnement équitable et équilibré. Le présent article traite cette question de contraintes et défispour le transport et la mobilité à Alger à travers une lecture géo historique basée sur la théorie des trois âges de la ville. Cette dernière est suivie par une lecture de son paysage géomorphologique et tous les agents qui participent au processus de création de ce dernier ; et qui, par conséquent, influent sur l’organisation du réseau de transport et de la mobilité à Alger.</text>
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                <text>أصبحت الجزائر تولي اهتماما كبيرا للشركات الناشئة والمشاريع المبتكرة والحاضنات، وذلك باعتبارها طريقا فعالا وصحيحا لاستغلال الموارد الطبيعية والبشرية والمادية، حيث أصبح من الضروري الاعتماد عليها نظرا لأهميتها في تنويع الاقتصاد الوطني وتحقيق التنمية الاقتصادية. وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إظهار واقع الأطر القانونية والمؤسساتية، وما تضمنته من إجراءات تحفيزية للشركات الناشئة والمشاريع المبتكرة والحاضنات، بالإضافة إلى إنشاء مجموعة من الهيئات لتمويلها ودعمها كصندوق دعم وتطوير المنظومة الاقتصادية للمؤسسات الناشئة ومؤسسة ترقية وتسيير هياكل دعم المؤسسات الناشئة مع الاستفادة من الإعفاءات الجبائية والمالية والتمويل الجماعي.</text>
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                <text>Algeria now pays great attention to startups, innovative projects and incubators, as an effective and correct means of exploiting natural, human and material resources, since it has become necessary to rely on them due to their importance in the diversification of the national economy and economic realization. development. This study aims to show the reality of legal and institutional frameworks, and the incentives they include for startups, innovative projects and incubators, in addition to setting up a set of organizations to finance and support them as a support and development fund for the economy, an aid scheme for emerging businesses and the Foundation for the Promotion and Management of Support Structures for Emerging Businesses, benefiting from tax and financial exemptions and collective financing.</text>
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                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/93</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26792">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1.93</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157461">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/394</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157462">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.394</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26793">
                <text>fra</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26794">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157464">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26795">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/93/39</text>
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                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/394/256</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26796">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26797">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157466">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023); 53-78</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26799">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Varia; 53-78</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26800">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26801">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157467">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 376-394</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157468">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 376-394</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157469">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 376-394</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157470">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157471">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157472">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26802">
                <text>Transport</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26803">
                <text>Mobilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26804">
                <text>Histoire</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26805">
                <text>Géographie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26806">
                <text>Géomorphologie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26807">
                <text>Alger</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26808">
                <text>Défis</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26809">
                <text>Transport</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26810">
                <text>Mobility</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26811">
                <text>History</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26812">
                <text>Geography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26813">
                <text>Geomorphology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26814">
                <text>Algiers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26815">
                <text>Challenges</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157473">
                <text>الشركات الناشئة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157474">
                <text>حاضنات الأعمال</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157475">
                <text>مشروع مبتكر</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157476">
                <text>التمويل</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157477">
                <text>Startups</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157478">
                <text>business incubators</text>
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                <text>innovative project</text>
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                <text>financing</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Transport and urban mobility facing the geo-historical and geo-morphological challenges of Algiers. Case of the first urban run of Algiers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26817">
                <text>TRANSPORT ET MOBILITE URBAINE FACE AUX DEFIS GÉO HISTORIQUES ET GEOMORPHOLOGIQUES D’ALGER. CAS DE LA PREMIERE COURONNE D’ALGER</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157481">
                <text>الإطار القانوني والمؤسساتي لبناء اقتصاد الشركات الناشئة وتحقيق التنمية في الجزائر</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157482">
                <text>The legal and institutional framework for building the economy of start-ups and achieving development in Algeria</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26818">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26819">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26820">
                <text>Articles</text>
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                <text>Articles</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157483">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157484">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157485">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="155819">
                  <text>Articles</text>
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            </element>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26822">
                <text>BENMAKHLOUF et AL, Zoubida</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157486">
                <text>قاسي , فريدة</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26823">
                <text>2023-06-04</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157487">
                <text>2023-01-20</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26824">
                <text>Le 1er&amp;nbsp;Séminaire International sur les innovations technologiques au service de l'agriculture&amp;nbsp; durable&amp;nbsp;a permit de faire le point sur un certain nombre de thématiques scientifiques en se basant sur les innovations technologiques au service de l'agriculture durable et ses impacts sur l'environnement et l'industrie. IL a regroupé des chercheurs universitaires nationaux et internationaux et des industriels pour discuter, sur les innovations et nouvelles tendances en matière de production, conservation et développement de l'agriculture. Elle a été également une occasion pour développer et renforcer la collaboration entre les chercheurs et les industriels en matière de recherche scientifique dans les domaines agriculture, agro-alimentaire et environnement. Le séminaire s'est décliné en en cinq thèmes:
Thème 1:&amp;nbsp;Histoire d'innovations technologiques dans l'agriculture ;
Thème 2:&amp;nbsp;L'innovation pour relever les défis de l'agriculture pour un développement durable;
Thème 3:&amp;nbsp;Innovation individuelles et collectives de toutes natures;
Thème 4:&amp;nbsp;Évaluation des innovations apportées par les agriculteurs dans l'exploitation agricole et industrielle;
Thème 5:&amp;nbsp;Importance économique et commerciale des innovations technologiques pour le développement des chaînes de valeur agricoles/agro-alimentaires.



&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>ظهرت الصّحافة لأول مرة على أرض الجزائر مع الاحتلال الفرنسي سنة 1830م، حيث لم يعرف الجزائريون هذ الفنّ من قبل. ورغم ظهور وتطوّر الصحافة الاستعمارية الرسمية وصحافة المستوطنين، فإنّ الباب كان موصدا في وجه النخبة الجزائرية من أجل تكوين صحف خاصة بهم، ونظرا للانتشار الواسع للصحف في العالم العربي وخاصة المشرق، فقد كان هذا الأخير قبلة للجزائريين لممارسة لنشاطهم الصّحفي حيث ساهموا بأقلامهم في الكتابة عبر كبريات الصّحف العربية، كما أنشأوا صحفا خاصة بهم أينما هاجروا نظرا للمناخ الفكري الملائم والنهضة العربية</text>
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                <text>&amp;nbsp;Journalism first appeared in Algeria during the French Colonization Era in 1830 A.D , the Algerians had never been familiar with that kind of art before. And despite the appearance and the evolution of the official colonial and colonialist journalism , doors were closed against Algerians as they were banned from establishing their own newspapers , and due to the wide spread of newspapers in the Arab World , and especially the Orient , this last was the refuge for the Algerians to practice their press activity as they contributed with their pens in writing in the biggest Arabic newspapers, they also established their own newspapers wherever they migrated thanks to the appropriate intellectual climate and the Arab Renaissance.</text>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26826">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/94</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26827">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1.94</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157490">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/395</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157491">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i2.395</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26828">
                <text>fra</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157492">
                <text>ara</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26829">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157493">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26830">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/94/41</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157494">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/395/258</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26831">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26832">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157495">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26833">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023); 79-139</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26834">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Varia; 79-139</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26835">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26836">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157496">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 2 (2023): v27i22023; 24-31</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157497">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2023): v27i22023; 24-31</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157498">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 2 (2023): v27i22023; 24-31</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157499">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157500">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157501">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26837">
                <text>Agriculture durable</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26838">
                <text>innovations technologiques</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26839">
                <text>environnement</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26840">
                <text>développement</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26841">
                <text>agro-alimentaire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157502">
                <text>الصّحافة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157503">
                <text>الصّحافة الاستعمارية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157504">
                <text>المشرق العربي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157505">
                <text>النشاط الصّحفي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157506">
                <text>النهضة العربية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157507">
                <text>الصّحافة المهاجرة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157508">
                <text>النخبة الجزائرية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26842">
                <text>Le 1er séminaire international sur les innovations technologiques au service de l'agriculture durable (SIITA): Thème 2: L’innovation pour relever les défis de l’agriculture pour un développement durable</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157509">
                <text>مداخلة الصحافة المهاجرة وأثرها على النهضة العربية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26843">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26844">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26845">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26846">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157510">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157511">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157512">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="1163" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="7">
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="155819">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26847">
                <text>BEN ALI, Fouad</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26848">
                <text>ZRIBI, Ali Abdelmonem</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157513">
                <text>سحنون,  مصعب</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157514">
                <text>زهراوي,   عفاف</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26849">
                <text>2023-06-04</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157515">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26850">
                <text>Giving the current recognition of the importance of the vernacular architecture that insures energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, the troglodyte architectural heritage, which has been for a long time considered as an unsuitable habitation architecture, shows actually ecological qualities and interesting architectural and cultural proprieties. The South Tunisian troglodyte architecture is one of the precious and representative heritage in South Mediterranean area. It represents a result of human creative genius,using local natural resources for surviving in an extreme environment. In 2020, this architecture was been included into the Unesco World Heritage Tentative List. Despite this, South Tunisian Troglodyte dwellings are abandoned. Few of their inhabitantsare still living in their surroundings. Only few caves of these troglodytes were folklorically restored for touristic visits. Although, this cultural heritage has remained relatively safe from human degradation and damage for a long time, today it is increasingly exposed to multiple threats that seriously affect it (Khannoussi 2009). The current publication is intended to be an effective contribution to the state of art, to the safeguarding, the valorization and the sustainable development of troglodyte sites, and to the preparation of the nomination file of this architectural heritage for its inscription into the Word Heritage List of Unesco ( WHL).</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26851">
                <text>Compte tenu de la reconnaissance actuelle de l'importance de l'architecture vernaculaire qui garantit l'efficacité énergétique et le respect de l'environnement, le patrimoine architectural troglodytique, qui a longtemps été considéré comme une architecture d'habitation inadaptée, présente en réalité des qualités écologiques et des propriétés architecturales et culturelles intéressantes. L'architecture troglodyte du sud tunisien est l'un des patrimoines les plus précieux et les plus représentatifs du sud de la Méditerranée. Elle représente le résultat du génie créatif de l'homme, en utilisant les ressources naturelles locales pour survivre dans un environnement extrême. En 2020, cette architecture a été inscrite sur la liste indicative du patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco. Malgré cela, les habitations troglodytiques du sud tunisien sont abandonnées. Peu de leurs habitants vivent encore dans les environs. Seules quelques grottes de ces troglodytes ont été restaurées de manière folklorique pour des visites touristiques. Bien que ce patrimoine culturel soit resté relativement à l'abri des dégradations humaines pendant longtemps, il est aujourd'hui de plus en plus exposé à de multiples menaces qui l'affectent gravement (Khannoussi 2009). La présente publication se veut une contribution efficace à l'état de l'art, à la sauvegarde, à la valorisation et au développement durable des sites troglodytiques, et à la préparation du dossier de nomination de ce patrimoine architectural pour son inscription sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco (LPM).</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157516">
                <text>تهدف الدراسة الى التطرق لواقع الإفصاح المحاسبي في بيئة الأعمال الجزائرية، حيث تطرقت الدراسة للأسس النظرية الخاصة بالإفصاح المحاسبي ، بالإضافة الى متطلبات الإفصاح حسب النظام المحاسبي المالي الجزائري، وكذا متطلبات الإفصاح في الإطار المرجعي الدولي المتمثل في معايير الإبلاغ المالي الدولية، وتم خلال هذه الدراسة المقارنة بين الإفصاح في النظام المحاسبي المالي ومعايير الإبلاغ المالي الدولية، وتضمنت الدراسة عملية عرض لواقع الإفصاح المحاسبي في الجزائر من خلال دراسة الإفصاح المحاسبي في شركة رويبة الجزائرية. وخلصت هذه الدراسة لمجموعة من النتائج من بينها:
&amp;nbsp;كون متطلبات الإفصاح المحاسبي حسب النظام المحاسبي المالي الجزائري لا تنطبق تماما مع متطلبات الإفصاح في معايير الإبلاغ المالي الدولية.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157517">
                <text>The study aims to address the reality of accounting disclosure in Algeria's business environment The study addressed the theoretical bases of accounting disclosure, as well as the requirements for disclosure according to Algeria's financial accounting system. and the disclosure requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), this study also includes a comparison between the disclosure requirements in the financial accounting system IFRS standards, the study included a presentation of the reality of accounting disclosure in Algeria through the Algerian practices in the company Rouiba. The study produced a series of findings, including:
Accounting disclosure requirements under Algeria's financial accounting system are not fully applicable to IFRS disclosure requirements.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26852">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26853">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/95</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26854">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1.95</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157518">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/397</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157519">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.397</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26855">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157520">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26856">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157521">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26857">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/95/42</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157522">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/397/260</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26858">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26859">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157523">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26860">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26861">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Varia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26862">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26863">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157524">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 395-419</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157525">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 395-419</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157526">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 395-419</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157527">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157528">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157529">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26864">
                <text>Architecture Trogolodytique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26865">
                <text>heritage mondial</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26866">
                <text>heritage architectural</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26867">
                <text>UNESCO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26868">
                <text>troglodyte architecture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26869">
                <text>Word Heritage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26870">
                <text>architectural heritage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26871">
                <text>UNESCO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157530">
                <text>Accounting disclosure</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157531">
                <text>the financial accounting system</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157532">
                <text>IFRS, IAS 01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157533">
                <text>الإفصاح المحاسبي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157534">
                <text>النظام المحاسبي المالي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157535">
                <text>معايير الإبلاغ المالي الدولية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157536">
                <text>معيار المحاسبة الدولي رقم 01</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26872">
                <text>TROGLODYTE ARCHITECTURE: Safeguarding, Valorization and Sustainable development Tome 1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26873">
                <text>ARCHITECTURE TROGLODYTIQUE: Sauvegarde, Mise en valeur et Développement durable TOME 1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157537">
                <text>واقع الإفصاح المحاسبي في الشركات المدرجة في سوق البورصة الجزائرية  دراسة مقارنة مع متطلبات الإفصاح حسب معايير الإبلاغ المالي الدولية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26874">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26875">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26876">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26877">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157538">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157539">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157540">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="1164" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="7">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="155819">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26878">
                <text>NAJJAR, ONS</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26879">
                <text>GZARA, Raja</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157541">
                <text>عبد النوري,  زينب</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157542">
                <text>أحمد الصيد,  نسيمة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26880">
                <text>2023-09-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157543">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26881">
                <text>The Building Information Modeling (BIM), has become an important issue for the development of construction sector all over the world. States are implementing policies to accelerate the spread of uses and practices. The BIM is identified as a digital process, used to perform the collaboration during the life cycle of a project. According to BIM Fundamentals the 6D dimension is recognized as the sustainable process with an impact on environment and economics study.[1]
The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of introducing the digital tool for architecture design at multiple levels to offer a better way to manage projects.
Nowadays, BIM offers the opportunity for all construction’s professionals: Architects, Engineers and Constructors, to use it and develop the ability to work more efficiently and effectively.
The question is how can we enlarge and generalize the use of BIM in order to have a sustainable architecture?
Should we only focus on introducing the process at the university level? Or should we consider also the importance of policies and implementation strategy?
Analyzing case studies from all over the world and in particular the leading country in using BIM such as UK, Netherland, France and others, will direct us to understand the best way to implement BIM. The comparison with arid and semi-Arid[2] states can show us the best way to adopt it in this context.
The university seems to be a part of the triad that should include also the mandatory of using BIM for public projects, and the need to state employee training.
&amp;nbsp;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157544">
                <text>تعد الإدارة الالكترونية من أبرز التطبيقات العملية التي أخذت تشغل حيزا واسعا، إذ يتطلب استخدامها وعيا وادراكا لطبيعة التحول من الإدارة التقليدية إلى الإدارة الحديثة. فمع زيادة التحول الرقمي للمنظمات صار من الضروري تحويل الملفات الورقية إلى أخرى الكترونية، كما أصبحت العلاقات بين الحكومات والمنظمات والعاملين تنجز عن طريق الشبكات، ومنه السرعة، الكفاءة العالية والفعالية.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; وعليه نحاول عرض التطبيقات العملية للإدارة الالكترونية في مركب تكرير البترول بسكيكدة كنموذج يعكس التحول الرقمي للمؤسسة الجزائرية.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157545">
                <text>The electronic management is one of the most prominent practical application that has occupied a wide space, as its use requires awareness and awareness of the nature of the transition from traditional management to modern management. With the increase in the digital transformation of organizations, it has become necessary to convert paper files to electronic once, and the relation between governments, organizations and workers are achieved through networks, including speed, high efficiency and overall effectiveness.
Accordingly, we try to present the Practical application of electronic management of the petroleum Refinery in skikda as a model that reflects the digital transformation of the Algerian institution.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26882">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26883">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/97</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26884">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2.97</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157546">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/400</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26888">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26889">
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                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 35-45</text>
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                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 35-45</text>
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                <text>2830-9618</text>
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                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2</text>
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                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157553">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433</text>
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                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 420-433</text>
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                <text>2588-2384</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26894">
                <text>BIM, digital, process, strategy, collaboration, sustainable</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Practical application</text>
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                <text>management</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157560">
                <text>electronic management</text>
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                <text>التطبيقات العملية</text>
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                <text>الادارة</text>
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                <text>الإدارة الالكترونية</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>BIM, as a digital process for sustainable Architecture : BIM as a collaborative process for sustainable design</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157564">
                <text>التطبيقات العملية للإدارة الالكترونية بمركب تكرير البترول بسكيكدة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157565">
                <text>Practical application of electronic management of the petroleum Refinery in Skikda</text>
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                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26900">
                <text>LAYEB, Sana</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157569">
                <text>حباطي , عايدة</text>
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                <text>2023-09-30</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26902">
                <text>This work is the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration involving experts from the disciplines of architecture, urban planning, psychology and signal processing. It explains how to capture the unseizable and evaluate the ambient quality of spaces, as well as the perception of their users. This research places affective experience at the heart of its scientific and pedagogical concerns.&amp;nbsp;
Our main spatial analysis tool was affective response (PENEAU, 2012) to study users' experiences and perceptions in architectural and urban environments. This enabled us to understand how emotions can influence the way we perceive and interact with space.
Our research work is divided into two phases (LAYEB et AL., 2014; 2016; 2019; 2022). A first work was dedicated to the urban user experience in downtown Tunis in order to identify stressful spatial and atmospheric configurations that affect the well-being, perception and emotion of the urban user.
Our work was then extended to specific users with sensory disorders, whose perception is described as impaired. We followed autistic subjects during their daily journeys in their care centers. We were able to study their sensory profiles (DUNN, 2007) through behavioral analysis.
The results of this research open up new avenues of reflection on how we teach architectural and urban design, which can be influenced by users' spatial perceptions and sensitive, affective experiences.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26903">
                <text>Ce travail a été réalisé grâce à une collaboration interdisciplinaire rassemblant des experts de différentes disciplines qui sont l'architecture, l'urbanisme, la psychologie et le traitement du signal. Il explique les modalités pour saisir l’insaisissable et évaluer la qualité ambiantale des lieux ainsi que la perception de ses usagers. Cette recherche met l’expérience affective au cœur de ses préoccupations scientifiques et pédagogiques.&amp;nbsp;
Notre principal outil d’analyse spatiale était la réponse affective (PENEAU, 2012) pour étudier les expériences et les perceptions des utilisateurs dans des environnements architecturaux et urbains. Cela nous a permis de comprendre comment les émotions peuvent influencer la façon dont nous percevons et interagissons avec l'espace.
Nos travaux de recherche se divise en deux temps (LAYEB et AL., 2014 ; 2016 ; 2019 ; 2022). Un premier travail a été dédié à l’expérience usagère urbaine au centre-ville de Tunis afin d’identifier des configurations spatiales et atmosphériques stressantes qui affecte le bien-être, la perception et l’émotion de l’usager urbain.
Ensuite, notre travail s’est élargi vers des usagers particuliers avec des troubles sensoriels, dont la perception est qualifiée d’altéré. Nous avons suivi des sujets autistes pendant leurs parcours journaliers dans leurs centres d’accueil. Nous avons pu étudier leurs profils sensoriels (DUNN, 2007) à travers l’analyse comportementale.
Les résultats de ces recherches ouvrent de nouvelles pistes de réflexion sur la manière dont nous enseignons la conception architecturale et urbaine qui peut être influencée par les perceptions spatiales et les expériences sensibles et affectives des usagers. &amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>تعد جريدة صوت المستضعفين التي أصدرتها جمعية المعلمين من أصل أهلي، لسان حال هذه الفئة النخبة المفرنسة في الجزائر خلال عشرينيات وثلاثينيات القرن العشرين، كان هدف صدورها المصرح به الدفاع عن حقوق المعلمين الذين تقلوا تعليما فرنسيا، والتحقوا بوظيفة التدريس في المدارس الابتدائية الفرنسية، وبذلك كان من المفترض أن تحظى بمكانة في محيطها الاجتماعي، إلا أنها من حيث الواقع والوضعية الاستعمارية عانت من قهر اجتماعي وميز بينها وبين أقرانها من الأوربيين الذين مارسوا نفس الوظيفة، وبنفس المؤهلات العلمية؛ من حيث ساعات العمل والمنح والتقاعد. وعليه نتساءل فيها عن كيفية تتبع الجريدة لمسألة المطالبة بالحقوق الوظيفية للمعلمين من أصل أهلي ؟ ومدى مساهماتها في بلورة العمل النقابي في الجزائر؟</text>
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                <text>The newspaper La Voix des humbles, published by the Association of Teachers of Civil Origin, is the spokesperson for this French elite in Algeria during the 1920s and 1930s of French primary schools, and therefore were supposed to have a place in their social environment, but in view of the reality and the colonial situation, they suffered from social oppression and distinguished themselves from their European peers who exercised the same profession, and with the same diplomas; In terms of working hours, scholarships and retirement. Accordingly, we ask how does the newspaper follow up on the issue of demanding labor rights for teachers with a family background? And the extent of his contributions to the crystallization of trade union work in Algeria?</text>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/98</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26906">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2.98</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157573">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/401</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157574">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i2.401</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26907">
                <text>fra</text>
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                <text>ara</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26908">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157576">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26909">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/98/45</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157577">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/401/261</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26910">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26911">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157578">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26912">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 20-34</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26913">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 20-34</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26914">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26915">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157579">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157580">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157581">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 2 (2023): v27i22023; 32-48</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157582">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157583">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157584">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i2</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26916">
                <text>Français</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26917">
                <text>Mesure du sensible</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26918">
                <text>espace architectural et urbain</text>
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                <text>expérience sensorielle</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26920">
                <text>pédagogie</text>
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                <text>Qualité ambiantale</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26922">
                <text>L’APPROCHE SENSORIELLE :  DE LA PENSEE SCIENTIFIQUE A LA PRATIQUE PEDAGOGIQUE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26923">
                <text>L’APPROCHE SENSORIELLE :  DE LA PENSEE SCIENTIFIQUE A LA PRATIQUE PEDAGOGIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157585">
                <text>جذور العمل النقابي في الصحافة الاندماجية، جريدة صوت المستضعفين أنموذجا</text>
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      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26928">
                <text>Ajmi, Rania</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26929">
                <text>Khebour Allouche, Faiza</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26930">
                <text>Taîbi, Aude Nuscia</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26931">
                <text>Bel Fekih Boussema, Safa</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157589">
                <text>حباش , فاطمة</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26932">
                <text>2023-09-30</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157590">
                <text>2023-01-20</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Cet article examine les caractéristiques patrimoniales des espaces verts publics urbains de Sousse, en Tunisie, qui sont apparus avec l'établissement et le développement de la ville européenne pendant la période coloniale française. En effet, la ville de Sousse a gardé peu de traces du végétal de ses grandes phases urbaines précédentes, arabo-musulmane et antique. Dans un premier temps, une recherche bibliographique a été menée pour étudier le processus d'implantation et de développement de la "Ville Nouvelle" européenne, notamment à travers la lecture de documents d'archives, de plans architecturaux, de cartes postales et de photographies aériennes anciennes datant de 1952. Dans un deuxième temps, l'article met en évidence les caractéristiques des espaces verts coloniaux, leur évolution de leur création à nos jours et leur état actuel, à travers une analyse paysagère. Les résultats ont montré que l'état de ce patrimoine vert colonial s'est détérioré, malgré les nombreuses initiatives prises par la municipalité pour améliorer leur qualité. Ceci traduit son inadaptation aux contextes sociaux de la ville, notamment les besoins des habitants. Ces résultats montrent l’intérêt qu’il y a àprendre en compte la perception des habitants par les décideurs, pour améliorer la qualité de ces espaces et assurer le bien-être de la population locale.&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>ملخص: لكي نحدد بموضوعية وعلمية نشاط الصحافة الجزائرية بمختلف اتجاهاتها السياسية وأبعادها ضمن النشاط السياسي للحركة الوطنية الجزائرية ونضالها ضد الاستعمار الفرنسي نصرة للقضية الوطنية، يستدعي منا عدم الاكتفاء بالتطرق إلى صحافة بعض الاتجاهات كالاتجاه الاستقلالي، أو الإصلاحي، والبحث في حيثيات نشاطهم ومواقفهم ناهيك عن تتبع مسارهم النضالي ضد السلطة الاستعمارية، بل الطرح العلمي والأكاديمي يتطلب منا تحليل الموضوع بموضوعية تامة تقتضي الإلمام الشامل بكل الأطراف من التيارات التي كونت الحركة الوطنية الجزائرية انطلاقا من العمل الصحفي، منها صحافة الشيوعيين التي تحسب على التيار اليساري. وهي إذن محور البحث في هذه المداخلة حيث سنحاول معرفة أهم المواقف والقضايا التي طرحت على مستوى الصحافة الشيوعية فيما يخص القضية الجزائرية ومسألة النضال الوطني ضد الاحتلال، وللإشارة الدراسة ستكون من نموذج محدد ممثلا في جريدة النضال الاجتماعي أو الكفاح الاجتماعي التي أصبحت لسان حال الحزب الشيوعي الجزائري بعد تأسيسه. أما الإشكالية التي تم طرحها من أجل المعالجة العلمية للموضوع هي : " ما هيى طبيعة ونوعية القضايا التي تم طرحها عبر صفحات هذه الجريدة في إطار مسألة النضال الوطني ضد الاستعمار، كيف تناولت المحطات الرئيسية للنشاط الحركة الوطنية؟ هل كان ذلك وفق الخط الوطني القاضي بتحقيق مصالح ومطامح الجزائريين ؟، وإلى أي مدى ساهمت هذه الجريدة الشيوعية بطابعها الادماجي خدمة القضية الوطنية الجزائرية؟ "</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157592">
                <text>Abstract In order to define scientifically the activity of the Algerian press in its various political dimensions within the political work of the Algerian National Movement and its struggle against the French Colonialism, supporting the national issue, it is required to impose the matter and analyze the issue in an academic way including all the parties and trends that formed the Algerian National Movement based on the journalistic work; among the Communist press, related to the Leftist Party. In this regard, this study attempts to identify the most important attitudes and issues tackled by the Communist press with regard to the Algerian matter and the issue of the National Struggle against the occupation. To clarify more the subject, the research chose a sample of a newspaper entitled the Social Struggle which was the Algerian Communist Party daily after its founding. Therefore, which kind of articles and issues in the context of the national struggle matter against the French Colonialism did the daily tackle? How did it treat the main stations in the National Movement activity? Was its work in the benefit of the Algerians?</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26935">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/100</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26936">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2.100</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157593">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/402</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157594">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i2.402</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26937">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157595">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26938">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157596">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26939">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/100/46</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157597">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/402/264</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26940">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26941">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157598">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26942">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 1-19</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26943">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 1-19</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26944">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26945">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157599">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157600">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157601">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 2 (2023): v27i22023; 49-60</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157602">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157603">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157604">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26946">
                <text>Transformation urbaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26947">
                <text>Patrimoine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26948">
                <text>Espaces verts publics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26949">
                <text>Sousse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26950">
                <text>Tunisie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157605">
                <text>الجزائر</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157606">
                <text>الاستعمار الفرنسي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157607">
                <text>الكفاح الاجتماعي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157608">
                <text>القضية الجزائرية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26951">
                <text>LES ESPACES VERTS DE LA PERIODE COLONIALE A SOUSSE (TUNISIE) : UN RENOUVEAU D’INTERET POUR UN HERITAGE DELAISSE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157609">
                <text>صحافة التيار الشيوعي والقضية الوطنية الجزائرية " جريدة الكفاح الاجتماعي أنموذجا"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26952">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26953">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26954">
                <text>Articles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26955">
                <text>Articles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157610">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157611">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157612">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="1167" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="155819">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26956">
                <text>SOUISSI, Hazar</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26957">
                <text>BEN MEDIEN, Olfa</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157613">
                <text>لحميدي, عادل</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26958">
                <text>2023-09-30</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157614">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26959">
                <text>The medina as a trace and witnesses of our past, are they able to have a present and a future by adapting? These vulnerable territories need to be resilient in order to overcome the risks to which they are exposed. These ancient fabrics, designed according to ancient logics, must adapt to modern mobility and technologies’ requirements; They must face new social logics and new governance’s ways. Competing with the new centralities, they face their own functional vulnerability. They have to adapt to the climate change’s vagaries and meet sustainability standards. Through empirical work, it studies the stakeholder’s system and the resilience of the medina of Tunis. The approach proposes to assess the resilience of the medina, as an urban fabric, social system, governance system, and architectural design, by studying the hazards the system faces and the forms of vulnerabilities it exhibits. The article demonstrates that the Tunis medina is a fabric that has shown adaptability to the risks and natural and anthropogenic hazards it has encountered - crises and socio-economic changes, heritage degradation, rural exodus, health crises - and especially its bioclimatic design makes it more resilient to new climate challenges. However, the study identified a set of physical, social, systemic, and organizational vulnerabilities that hinder resilience and the protection of human, economic, as well as architectural and urban heritage interests</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26960">
                <text>Les médinas, traces et témoins de notre passé, sont-elles capables d’avoir un présent et un futur&amp;nbsp;en s’adaptant ? &amp;nbsp;Ces territoires vulnérables sont appelés à être résilients pour pouvoir dépasser les risques auxquels ils sont exposés. Ces tissus anciens, conçus selon des logiques anciennes, doivent s’adapter aux exigences des mobilités et des technologies modernes&amp;nbsp;; Ils doivent faire face aux nouvelles logiques sociales et nouveaux modes de gouvernance&amp;nbsp;; Concurrencés par les nouvelles centralités, ils doivent faire face à la vulnérabilité fonctionnelle. Ils sont appelés de s’adapter aux aléas des changements climatiques et répondre aux normes de la durabilité. A travers, un travail empirique et de la littérature, la contribution étudie le jeu des acteurs, les modalités &amp;nbsp;et la capacité de résilience de la médina de Tunis. La démarche propose d’évaluer la résilience de la médina, en sa qualité de tissu urbain, système social et de gouvernance et conception architecturale, en étudiant les aléas auxquels le système fait face et les formes de vulnérabilités qui le marque. L’article montre que la médina de Tunis est un tissu qui a montré des capacités d’adaptation aux risques et aux aléas naturels et anthropiques qu’il a connus – crises et changements socio-économiques, dégradation du patrimoine, exode rural, crise sanitaire - et surtout sa conception bioclimatique le rendant plus résilient face aux nouveaux défis climatiques. Toutefois, l’étude a identifié un ensemble de vulnérabilités physiques, sociales et systémiques et organisationnelles entravant la résilience et la protection des enjeux humains, économiques en plus du patrimoine architectural et urbain.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157615">
                <text>هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن آثار أساليب القيادة التبادلية على تحسن الأداء العمال في مؤسسة كوندور ببرج بوعريريج، بالإضافة إلى التعرف على الاختلاف في تصور عينة الدراسة حول أساليب القيادة التبادلية وتحسن أداء العمال في المؤسسة، بحيث يعزى هذا الاختلاف إلى الجنس، العمر، التحصيل العلمي، عدد سنوات الخبرة والموقع الوظيفي. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قام الباحث بتصميم استبانة شملت (33) فقرة وذلك لجمع المعلومات الأولية من عينة الدراسة. على ضوء ذلك جرى جمع البيانات وتحليلها واختبار الفرضيات باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم (spss) حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (84) موظفا.وتم استخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة. وبعد إجراء عملية التحليل للبيانات توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها:وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لأسلوب القيادة التبادلية توفر مستلزمات الأداء على تحسن أداء العمال عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)،عدم وجود أثر ذي دلالة إحصائية لأسلوب القيادة التبادلية بالاستثناء الساكنة على تحسن أداء العمال عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)،وجود اختلاف ذي دلالة إحصائية في وجهات نظر عينة الدراسة حول أساليب القيادة التبادلية وتحسن لأداء العمال تبعا لاختلاف) لجنس، العمر، التحصيل العلمي، عدد سنوات الخبرة والموقع الوظيفي عند مستوى دلالة (0.05)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157616">
                <text>The study aimed to reveal the effects of the mutual leadership methods on improving the performance of workers at the Condor Foundation in Bordj Bou Arreridj, in addition to identifying the difference in the perception of the study sample about the methods of mutual leadership and the improvement in the performance of workers in the institution, so that this difference is attributed to gender, age, and educational attainment. Number of years of experience and position. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher designed a questionnaire that included (33) items in order to collect primary information from the study sample. In light of this, data were collected, analyzed and hypotheses tested using the statistical package for science (spss), where the study sample consisted of (84) employees. Several statistical methods were used to achieve the objectives of the study, and after conducting the analysis of the data, the study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: - There is a statistically significant effect of the reciprocal leadership style and the availability of performance requirements on improving the performance of workers at the level of significance (0.05). - There is no statistically significant effect of the reciprocal leadership style, with the exception of static, on improving the performance of workers at the level of significance (0.05).</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26961">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26962">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/101</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26963">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2.101</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157617">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/448</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157618">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.448</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26964">
                <text>fra</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157619">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26965">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157620">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26966">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/101/48</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157621">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/448/302</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26967">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26968">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157622">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26969">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023); 46-66</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26970">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia; 46-66</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26971">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26972">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157623">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157624">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157625">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 434-447</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157626">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157627">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157628">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26973">
                <text>mutations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26974">
                <text>résilience</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26975">
                <text>adaptation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26976">
                <text>la médina de tunis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26977">
                <text>vulnérabilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26978">
                <text>mutations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26979">
                <text>résilience</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26980">
                <text>adaptation</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>la médina de Tunis</text>
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                <text>vulnérabilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157629">
                <text>القيادة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157630">
                <text>الاساليب القيادية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157631">
                <text>العمال</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157632">
                <text>تحسين الاداء</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157633">
                <text>leadership</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157634">
                <text>leadership styles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157635">
                <text>workers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157636">
                <text>improving performance</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26983">
                <text>La médina de Tunis de la vulnérabilité à la résilience</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157637">
                <text>أثر أساليب القيادة التبادلية على تحسين أداء العمال في مؤسسة كوندور ببرج بوعريريج</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157638">
                <text>The effect of transactional leadership styles on improving workers' performance at Condor Corporation in Bordj Bou Arreridj</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Articles</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26987">
                <text>Articles</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157639">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157640">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26988">
                <text>BEN ALI, Fouad</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26989">
                <text>Abdelmonem ZRIBI, Ali</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157642">
                <text>عمّاد, العيد</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26990">
                <text>2023-09-30</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157643">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26991">
                <text>Après un premier volume contenant plusieurs textes se rapportant au colloque sur « L’architecture troglodytique, sauvegarde, valorisation et développement soutenable » tenu les 24 et 25 décembre 2022 à Gafsa (Tunisie), nous introduisons aujourd‟hui, le deuxième volume qui contient les neuf textes qui ont été acceptés après évaluation par les pairs. Il s‟agit d‟une centaine de pages produites par des chercheur.es de diverses spécialités : des architectes, des designers et des historiens. Les mots clefs transversaux relayés par eux sont : patrimoine, l‟architecture troglodytique, Tunisie, et surtout dans ses régions du Sud, les menaces qui pèsent sur le patrimoine, la problématique de sa conservation et sauvegarde et, in fine, la reconversion et la valorisation de ce patrimoine en croissance et développement économique et sociale durable.Les textes ont traité de divers sites, villages et des habitations humaines dans des lieux très connus en Tunisie : Matmata, Toujène, Sned Jebel, Gafsa, etc. Certains ont une valeur touristique et sont reconnus à l‟échelle nationale et internationale. D‟autres le sont moins ou sont au début d‟un processus de patrimonialisation itérative et parfois problématique.L‟effort fourni par les auteurs pour étudier des cas d‟une grande originalité permet de reconstruire et valider un réseau de concepts dont l‟importance est capitale dans la mise en intelligibilité de la démarche patrimoniale. Certains nécessitent approfondissement et surtout articulation par rapport aux objets de recherche traités par les uns et par les autres. Celui de la « ressource patrimoniale » est une entrée fructueuse pour aborder d‟une manière synthétique des études de cas aussi variées. En fait, une ressource patrimoniale est l‟ensemble des ressources disponibles sur un lieu, un espace précis dont la gestion est réglée par le double souci d‟en conserver l‟usufruit et d‟en assurer la transmission. Cela implique que toute approche du patrimoine se fonde sur le concept de ressource, à savoir un bien qui préexiste ou qui est produit pour être valorisé dans un contexte économique, culturel et technologique.&amp;nbsp;</text>
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                <text>يعتبر الفعل المقاولاتي بمثابة أحد المكونات الرئيسية للنظام الرأسمالي المبني على الانفتاح على الطرف الآخر من خلال تبادل الأفكار والأفعال ذات الأهمية المشتركة، ذلك أنّ المقاولاتية لازمت الرأسمالية من الناحية العملية والتنظيرية لها منذ البدايات الأولى لها، وهذا باعتبار الفعل المقاولاتي هو الوجه الآخر للنظام الرأسمالي، وهذا الذي سنعمل على توظيفه من خلال ورقتنا البحثية هاته، بمعنى أنّنا سنقوم بالبحث في الأفعال والظواهر ذات العلاقة والتأثير المباشر والمتبادل مع الفعل المقاولاتي من المنظور السوسيولوجي، ومن ثمّة محاولة لتقديم نوع من الأطر التنظيرية ذات الصلة بالفعل المقاولاتي.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157645">
                <text>The entrepreneurial act is considered as one of the main components of the capitalist system based on openness to the other party through the exchange of ideas and actions of common importance, because entrepreneurship has been associated with capitalism from a practical and theoretical point of view since its early beginnings, and this is given that the entrepreneurial act is the other side of the capitalist system, and this Which we will work to employ through our research paper, meaning that we will research the actions and phenomena related to the direct and mutual influence with the entrepreneurial act from a sociological perspective, and then there is an attempt to present a kind of theoretical frameworks related to the entrepreneurial act.</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26993">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/104</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26994">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2.104</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157646">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/450</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157647">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.450</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26995">
                <text>fra</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157648">
                <text>ara</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26996">
                <text>AJPS  Publications Algeria</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157649">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="26997">
                <text>http://ajpsdz.org/rv/index.php/uab/article/view/104/49</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157650">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/450/304</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="26998">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 URBAN ART BIO</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="26999">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157651">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27000">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27001">
                <text>URBAN ART BIO; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Varia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27002">
                <text>2830-9618</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27003">
                <text>10.35788/uab.v2i2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157652">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157653">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157654">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 448-467</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157655">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157656">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157657">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27004">
                <text>Français</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27005">
                <text>Architecture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27006">
                <text>Troglodyte</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27007">
                <text>sauvegarde</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27008">
                <text>mise en valeur</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27009">
                <text>développement durable</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157658">
                <text>المقاول</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157659">
                <text>المقاولة</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157660">
                <text>الفعل الاجتماعي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157661">
                <text>التّحليل السوسيولوجي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157662">
                <text>entrepreneur</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157663">
                <text>entrepreneurship</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157664">
                <text>social action</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157665">
                <text>sociological analysis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27010">
                <text>ARCHITECTURE TROGLODYTIQUE Sauvegarde, Mise en valeur et Développement durable TOME 2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157666">
                <text>الفعل المقاولاتي كمادة للتّحليل السّوسيولوجي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157667">
                <text>The entrepreneurial act as a subject of sociological analysis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27011">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27012">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27013">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27014">
                <text>Proceedings et Rapports</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157668">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157669">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
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                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27016">
                <text>Sahel, Djamel</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157671">
                <text>سيب,   عبد الرزاق</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27017">
                <text>2022-10-01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157672">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27018">
                <text>In this study, a numerical analysis is carried out to optimize the pin fins heat sink (PFHS) performance. The investigation is conducted by using Comsol Multiphysics v.5.4 software based on the finite elements method (FEM). The effect of the perforation space through the pin fins is tested. Five configurations are proposed for investigation: cylindrical pin fins (CPFs) and PFHS-1 to 4. The fluid flow and convective heat transfer characteristics are analyzed for Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 8,547 to 21,367. The results found that PFHS-1 creates an enhanced heat transfer execution with a moderate pressure drop. In addition, this case ensures the highest hydrothermal performance factor of 1.34. The comparison is reported for CPFs available in the literature, where a satisfactory agreement is observed.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157673">
                <text>تتناول هذه الدراسة دور الدين وعلاقته بالصحة النفسية، حيث تركز على الدين كعنصر من العناصر المساهمة في بناء الشخصية، &amp;nbsp;وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى ارتباط الدين&amp;nbsp; بالصحة النفسية، بالإضافة إلى التعرف على مظاهر الصحة النفسية لطلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية بجامعة تلمسان ومحاولة دراسة الفروق بينهما، وكذا دراسة الفرق بينهما في متغير الدين. حيث تتكون عينة الدراسة من 100 طالب وطالبة منهم 60 طالبا من قسم علم النفس و40 طالبا من قسم الشريعة الإسلامية، وقد تم استخدام الأدوات التالية: (مقياس الصحة النفسية للشباب، ومقياس الممارسات الدينية).&amp;nbsp;
وقد أسفرت الدراسة على النتائج التالية:

أنه توجد علاقة ارتباطية دالة إحصائيا بين الدين والصحة النفسية.
لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين طلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية من حيث الصحة النفسية.
توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا بين طلبة قسم علم النفس وطلبة الشريعة الإسلامية من حيث الممارسات الدينية.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157674">
                <text>This study dealt with religious and their relationship to mental health, as it focused on the variable of religiosity as an element of the cultural elements that contribute to building personality. Islamic University of Tlemcen and an attempt to study the differences between them, as well as the study of the difference between them in the variable religious. The size of the studied sample was 100 students, including 60 students from the Department of Psychology and 40 students from the Department of Islamic Law. The following tools were used: (Youth Mental Health Scale, and Religious Scale).
The study resulted in the following results:

There is a statistically significant correlation between religious practices and mental health.
There are no statistically significant differences between students of the Department of Psychology and students of Islamic law in terms of mental health.
There are statistically significant differences between students of the Department of Psychology and students of Islamic law in terms of religious practices.
The study also reached the following conclusions: Emphasis in the educational process on the development of religious and moral trends through the various institutions of socialization.

The process of guiding and treating individual disorders should take into account all aspects of personality, including religious and cultural values ​​because of their importance in the process of psychological and social adjustment</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27019">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27020">
                <text>https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/3</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157675">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/452</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157676">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.452</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27021">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157677">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27022">
                <text>University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157678">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27023">
                <text>https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/3/2</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157679">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/452/306</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27024">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157680">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27025">
                <text>Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 1-10</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27026">
                <text>Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 1-10</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27027">
                <text>2830-814X</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27028">
                <text>10.57137/jae.v1i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157681">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157682">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157683">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 468-481</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157684">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157685">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157686">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27029">
                <text>Heat sink</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27030">
                <text>Heat dissipation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27031">
                <text>Pin fins</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27032">
                <text>Perforation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27033">
                <text>Performance</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157687">
                <text>الدين</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157688">
                <text>الصحة النفسية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157689">
                <text>الاضطرابات النفسية</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157690">
                <text>الثقافة</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157691">
                <text>religious</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157692">
                <text>mental health</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157693">
                <text>mental disorders</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157694">
                <text>culture</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27034">
                <text>Perforation space impact on the heat dissipation performance in pin fins heat sinks</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157695">
                <text>دور الدين في الصحة النفسية للطالب الجامعي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157696">
                <text>The role of religion in the mental health of the university student</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27036">
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157698">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157699">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10272">
                  <text> Journal of Arts and Humanities</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="155819">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27038">
                <text>rehala, zahra</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157700">
                <text>بوقاره,  صالح</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27039">
                <text>2023-07-08</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157701">
                <text>2023-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27040">
                <text>Unilateral renal agenesis is a congenital malformation characterized by the complete absence of one kidney. Megaureters, on the other hand, are urinary tract anomalies characterized by abnormal dilation of the ureters, resulting in obstruction of urine flow. This case study aims to analyze the impact of unilateral renal agenesis on the development of megaureters and the obstruction of urine flow through the ureter. Follow-up of a patient from fetal age to five years of age highlights the correlation between unilateral renal agenesis and the accelerated development of obstructive megaureters. The results showed that the absence of a functional kidney was associated with the presence of voluminous megaureters, leading to obstruction of urine flow. This study highlights the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms of these malformations and developing optimal management strategies to prevent renal failure in patients with unilateral renal agenesis and obstructive megaureters.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157702">
                <text>تحاول هذه الدراسة تسليط الضوء على ديناميكيات التعاون والتنافس في السياسة الخارجية لدولتي تركيا وإيران تجاه الأزمات التي شهدها دول الجوار العربي انطلاقا من الأزمة العراقية منذ 2003 والأزمة السورية منذ 2011 ، حيث شكلت هذه الأزمات منطلق التعاون والتنافس بين الدولتين .
&amp;nbsp;تؤدي جملة من المحددات الداخلية والخارجية دورا مهما في تفسير جوانب التعاون والتنافس التركي – الإيراني تجاه الأزمتين العراقية والسورية ، فإذا كانت المخاوف الأمنية المشتركة المتعلقة بالدعم الخارجي لمشروع الدولة الكردية ، بالإضافة إلى الاعتماد الاقتصادي المتبادل متغيرات مهمة في تفسير التعاون بين الدولتين ، فإن الرغبة نحو الهيمنة الإقليمية بما يمتلكه الطرفان من إرث إمبراطوري وتوفرهما على مقومات القوة الإقليمية متغيرات مهمة في تفسير جوانب التنافس بين الدولتين .</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157703">
                <text>This study attempts to highlight the dynamics of cooperation and competition in the foreign policy of Turkey and Iran towards the regional crises in the Arab region, starting from the Iraqi crises since 2003 and Syrian crisis since 2011 where these crises formed a starting point for cooperation and competition between the two countries.
&amp;nbsp;A number of internal and external determinants play an important role in explaining the aspects of Turkish-Iranian cooperation and competition towards the Iraqi and Syrian crises .
If common security concerns about external support for the Kurdish state project in the Middle East as well as mutual economic interdependence are important variables in explaining the cooperation between the two countries , the desire for regional hegemony with the imperial heritage which the two sides possess and their availability on the components of regional power , are important variables in explaining the aspects of competition between the two States .</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27041">
                <text>https://cuniv-naama.dz/journal/index.php/jae/article/view/6</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157704">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/457</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157705">
                <text>10.37138/almieyar.v27i1.457</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27042">
                <text>University Centre of Naama – Ahmed Salhi, Algeria</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157707">
                <text>جامعة الامير عبدالقادر للعلوم الاسلامية قسنطينة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27043">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Applied Energies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157709">
                <text>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27044">
                <text>Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 49-58</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27045">
                <text>Journal of Applied Energies; Vol. 1 No 1 (2022): Volume 1, Issue 1; 49-58</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27046">
                <text>2830-814X</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="27047">
                <text>10.57137/jae.v1i1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157710">
                <text>مجلة المعيار; مجلد 27 عدد 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157711">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No. 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157712">
                <text>Al-Mieyar Journal; Vol. 27 No 1 (2023): v27i12023; 482-497</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157713">
                <text>2588-2384</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157714">
                <text>1112-4377</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157715">
                <text>10.37138/mieyar.v27i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27048">
                <text>unilateral renal agenesis, megaureters, obstruction of urine flow through the urinary tract, congenital renal malformations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157716">
                <text>Arab Neighborhood</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157717">
                <text>Competition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157718">
                <text>Cooperation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157719">
                <text>Iran</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157720">
                <text>Turkey</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157721">
                <text>إيران</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157722">
                <text>التعاون</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157723">
                <text>التنافس</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157724">
                <text>الجوار العربي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157725">
                <text>تركيا</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="27049">
                <text>The impact of anatomical variations and renal malformations on the flow of urine through the megaureters and the occurrence of renal failure</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157726">
                <text>التعاون والتنافس في السياسة الخارجية لدولتي تركيا وايران  تجاه أزمتي العراق(منذ2003)وسورية(منذ2011)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="157727">
                <text>Cooperation and Competition in Turkish and Irani Foreign Policy  Towards Iraqi crisis (since2003) and Syria crisis (since2011)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27050">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="27052">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157728">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
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                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="157706">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="157708">
                <text>http://ojs.univ-emir-constantine.edu.dz/ojs/index.php/Mieyar/article/view/457/308</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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