<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://www.ajpsdz.org/dx/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=125" accessDate="2026-11-13T21:02:54+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>125</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>8556</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="7319" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318335">
                <text>Shafi , Sihem</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318336">
                <text>2013-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318338">
                <text>Motivation and self-learning with computers
The new media are the focus of this scientific work and teaching in the fields of media education and media research. The importance of computer use as an entry point into the world of new digital media is highlighted. These new media can enrich and develop foreign languages if the foreign language learners themselves have the necessary technical and methodical-didactical competence. Self-directed learning opens up the possibility of organizing the learning process for individual needs and abilities. The learners must be aware of their available strategies and techniques and be able to anticipate the success of the respective method based on the learning objective.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318340">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318342">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/673</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318344">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2.673</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318346">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318348">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318350">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/673/554</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318352">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318354">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 100-104</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318356">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318358">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318360">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318362">
                <text>German learning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318364">
                <text>Media</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318366">
                <text>technology.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318368">
                <text>German learning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318370">
                <text>media</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318372">
                <text>technology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318374">
                <text>Motivation und Selbstlernen mit Computer</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318376">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318378">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318380">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7318" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318328">
                <text>Bedarnia, Mebarka</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318329">
                <text>Boursoufla , Sara</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318330">
                <text>Bouazaara , Abderrahim</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318331">
                <text>2010-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318332">
                <text>The Treatment of the Lexicon in the Manual A World to Discover
The objective of this article is to analyze the treatment of lexical competence in the Algerian second-year textbook Un Mundo por Descubrir. To achieve this objective, the third didactic unit entitled Vida Cotidiana y Compras has been selected: the theme of Food and restaurant. This study is qualitative and exploratory in nature. The descriptive-analytical method has been used. The instruments used for data collection are: observation and Ezeiza's content analysis. The results allowed us to conclude that the treatment of lexical competence in the Algerian manual is of a structural type since it focuses on the teaching of form and not meaning, the proposed activities are of the image-word relationship type and are decontextualized. Likewise, the lexicon is not integrated with the other communicative activities of the language.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318333">
                <text>El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el tratamiento de la competencia léxica en el manual argelino de segundo curso Un Mundo por Descubrir. Para conseguir este objetivo, se ha seleccionado la tercera unidad didáctica titulada Vida Cotidiana y Compras: el tema de Alimentos y restaurante. Este estudio es de tipo cualitativo y de nivel exploratorio. Se ha utilizado el método descriptivo-analítico. Los instrumentos usados para la recogida de datos son: observación y el análisis de contenido de Ezeiza. Los resultados permitieron concluir que el tratamiento de la competencia léxica en el manual argelina es de tipo estructural ya que se enfoca en la enseñanza de la forma y no el significado, las actividades propuestas son de tipo relacionar imagen-palabra y son descontextualizadas. Asimismo, el léxico no está integrado con las otras actividades comunicativas de la lengua.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318334">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318337">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/458</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318339">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v9i1.458</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318341">
                <text>spa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318343">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318345">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/458/363</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318347">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318349">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 32-45</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318351">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318353">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318355">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v9i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318357">
                <text>Lexicon</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318359">
                <text>competence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318361">
                <text>lexical approach</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318363">
                <text>Textbook</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318365">
                <text>Un Mundo por Descubrir.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318367">
                <text>Léxico,</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318369">
                <text>competencia,</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318371">
                <text>enfoque léxico,</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318373">
                <text>Manual,</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318375">
                <text>Un Mundo por Descubrir</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318377">
                <text>El Tratamiento del Léxico en el Manual Un Mundo por Descubirir</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318379">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318381">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318382">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7317" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318287">
                <text>Bourouba , Karima</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318289">
                <text>2013-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318291">
                <text>On Structural syntax
The beginnings of structuralism lie with the Geneva linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, who is therefore sometimes referred to as the "father" of structuralism. Important terms of structuralism are: langue/parole, synchrony/diachrony, descriptive/prescriptive, syntagmatic/paradigmatic, relevant feature/redundant feature. The concept of signs and the arbitrariness of signs also play an important role in structuralism. The present paper aims at studying the principles of struclturalism. The method of structuralism is initially inductive, even if it can lead to throwing the results, known different corpus, not realized and of which one waits that the results make clear. In other words, structuralism, in one way or another, always aims to read a text according to some grid that reorganizes it.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318293">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318295">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/672</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318297">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2.672</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318299">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318301">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318303">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/672/553</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318305">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318307">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 91-99</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318309">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318311">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318313">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318315">
                <text>levels of analysis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318317">
                <text>structuralism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318319">
                <text>syntax.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318321">
                <text>levels of analysis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318322">
                <text>structuralism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318323">
                <text>syntax</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318324">
                <text>Strukturelle Syntax</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318325">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318326">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318327">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7316" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318276">
                <text>Nadir , Rachid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318277">
                <text>Sadki , Oumaima</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318278">
                <text>2010-08-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318279">
                <text>Storytelling in the Teaching of Foreign Languages: Training the Staff of the First Course of Foreign Languages at the UAT
This exploratory study aims to know the current status of TPRS as a means of teaching forfirst-year teachers at the faculty of arts and foreign languages, Laghouat's university of Amar Telidji.In this research, an inductive method was conducted to systematically observe the reality of theteaching methods by first-year teachers within the classroom. The non-participant observation wasadopted to examine whether TPRS was being conducted or not; similarly, a semi-structured interviewwas carried on to investigate whether TPRS was used consciously and/or unconsciously by thetargeted sample of teachers. Based on this study, it was concluded that teachers do not adopt thismethod because of their ignorance of it except for the few of them who do use it, however, unconsciously. unconsciously.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318280">
                <text>El objetivo de este estudio exploratorio es conocer la situación actual del TPRS, comom é todo de enseñanza, en el profesorado del primer curso de Lenguas Extranjeras en la Universidad de Laghouat. En esta investigación se ha seguido un m é todo inductivo para observar sistem á ticamente la realidad de los m é todos de enseñ anza dentro del aula LE utilizados por los profesores del primer curso. Se ha empleado la observación no participante para averiguar si se usa el TPRS en el aula de LE, y una entrevista semi estructurada para averiguar si se usa consciente y/o inconscientemente por los profesores del prime r curso. Los resultados muestran que en el caso de los profesores de la UATL, del primer curso, la totalidad de ellos no usan el TPRS como m é todo paraenseñar las lenguas extranjeras, salvo un reducido n ú mero que lo utiliza inconscientemente en sus clases.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318281">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318282">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/455</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318283">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v9i1.455</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318284">
                <text>spa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318285">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318286">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/455/361</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318288">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2010 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318290">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 9 No 1 (2010): Traduction et Langues Volume 9: Numéro: 1/Août 2010 ; 6-18</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318292">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318294">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318296">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v9i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318298">
                <text>Teaching</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318300">
                <text>Storytelling</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318302">
                <text>narration</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318304">
                <text>TRPS</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318306">
                <text>Ense ñ anza;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318308">
                <text>Storytelling;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318310">
                <text>Narracion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318312">
                <text>TPRS</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318314">
                <text>El Cuentacuentos en la Enseñanza de Lenguas Extranjeras En El Profesorado Del Primer Curso De Lenguas Extrajeras De La UAT</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318316">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318318">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318320">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7315" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318229">
                <text>Seddiki, Aoussine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318231">
                <text>2013-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318233">
                <text>Assessing and evaluating in the Deutsch course
The debate about the German language lessons is decisively shaped worldwide by keywords like evaluation and assessment. The situation at the Algerian universities and in the German department is similar. The examination and testing procedure is constantly being questioned because the results achieved do not correspond to the wishes of the teaching team. In this article, the interest is in pursuing the question of assessment and evaluation in the context of the German department at the University of Oran. The German language course is the focus of the present study. The previous experience with regard to the implementation of tests and examinations that are planned in each semester in the respective subjects is considered a particular inspiration for this analysis. In addition, due to the persisting problem of evaluation, countless conferences, congresses and workshops are regularly organized worldwide. However, one would like to emphasize that assessment didactics in the German language as a foreign language area have made huge strides in the last two decades. There is already a consensus on the most important assessment criteria. The European Framework of Reference, which provides interesting strategies and techniques for assessment and assessment in German language as a foreign language lessons, is considered one of the most important reference sources for evaluation.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318235">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318237">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/671</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318239">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2.671</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318241">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318243">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318245">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/671/552</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318247">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318249">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 83-90</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318251">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318253">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318255">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318257">
                <text>Assessment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318259">
                <text>evaluation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318261">
                <text>German language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318263">
                <text>teaching.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318265">
                <text>Assessment</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318267">
                <text>evaluation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318269">
                <text>German language</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318271">
                <text>teaching</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318272">
                <text>Beurteilen und Bewerten im DaF- Studiengang</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318273">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318274">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318275">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7314" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318221">
                <text>برونة,  محمد</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318222">
                <text>2009-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318223">
                <text>لقد أشار النقد العربي القديم وبشكل واضح الى ظاهرة التناص مع اختلاف المصطلح والمنهج، برؤ يهصارمه للناقد العربي انذاك، سادها وسيطر عليها موقف المحاكمة، اذ مفهوم التناص ليس جديدا في الدراساتالبلاغية والنقدية العربية. فقد ورد تحت مسميات مختلفة، كما أن مفهوم التناص لا يبيح ولا يج يز فكره انطلاقنص من العدم بل لابد للنص من رواسب، وهكذا فقد وردت دراسات في السرقات الادبية بمصطلحاتمختلفة ورؤى متفاوتة في النقد العربي، وتنبه الشعراء منذ العصر الجاهلي الى هذه القضية الخطيرة؛ فتناولوهابأساليب متعددة. والتناص هو العلاقة بين النصوص وحقيقة التفاعل بينها وذلك في استحضارها باستعادتها اوتقليدها بمحاكاتها لنصوص أخرى سابقة او معاصرة لها. فالنص الأدبي يمثل كتلة من الفسيفساء المتداخلةبالاقتباسات والمعاني التي أخذت وأشربت معاني أخرى جديدة مطروحة في النص، وبهذا يؤدي التناص دورالرابط بيننا أو أكثر ويكون هذا الترابط وهذا التفاعل من المبدع اللاحق اما طوعا او رغما.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318224">
                <text>Stylistics of Intertextuality between Origin and Concept
The ancient Arab criticism clearly referred to the phenomenon of intertextuality with different terminology and approach, with a strict vision of the Arab critic at the time, which was dominated by the position of the court, as the concept of intertextuality is not new in Arabic rhetorical and critical studies. It came under different names, and the concept of intertextuality does not permit the launch of a text from nothing. Rather, the text must have sediments. Thus, there have been studies in literary thefts with different terms and different visions of Arabic criticism. Poets since the pre-Islamic era have been alerted to this serious issue; They took it in a variety of ways. Intertextuality is the relationship between texts and the reality of the interaction between them, in recalling them by restoring them or imitating them by imitation of other previous or contemporary texts. The literary text represents a block of mosaic overlapping with quotes and meanings that took and imbibed other new meanings presented in the text, and thus intertextuality plays the role of a link between creators.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318225">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318226">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/454</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318227">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1.454</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318228">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318230">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318232">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/454/360</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318234">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2009 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318236">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 8 No 1 (2009): Traduction et Langues Volume 8: Numéro: 1/ Décembre 2009; 110-126</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318238">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318240">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318242">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318244">
                <text>Intertextuality</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318246">
                <text>plagiarism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318248">
                <text>citation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318250">
                <text>interaction</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318252">
                <text>linguistic fabric.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318254">
                <text>التناص</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318256">
                <text>السرقات الأدبية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318258">
                <text>الاقتباس</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318260">
                <text>التفاعل</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318262">
                <text>النسيج اللغوي.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318264">
                <text>أسلوبية التناص بين النشأة والمفهوم</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318266">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318268">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318270">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7313" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318175">
                <text>Betka, Fethi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318177">
                <text>2013-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318179">
                <text>Internet as a source of the language of yougersters in Germany
There are young people in every country in the world. These play a major social role in every respect. Young people are usually understood to mean people between the ages of 12 and 30. Nevertheless, this age range can vary from one society to another. What actually characterizes youth is their behaviour, their looks, their feelings, but especially their verbal behaviour. The present paper aims at studying the German culture in general and the culture of young German people in particular. There are always new words because they change as fashion changes; music; technology, mass media, dismantled borders, etc.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318181">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318183">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/670</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318185">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2.670</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318187">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318189">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318191">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/670/551</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318193">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318195">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 79-82</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318197">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318199">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318201">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318203">
                <text>culture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318205">
                <text>German</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318207">
                <text>verbal behavior</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318209">
                <text>youth.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318211">
                <text>culture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318213">
                <text>German</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318215">
                <text>verbal behavior</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318216">
                <text>youth</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318217">
                <text>Die Jugendsprache in Deutschland</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318218">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318219">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318220">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7312" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318166">
                <text>تهامي,  وسام</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318167">
                <text>2009-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318168">
                <text>إن الميزة التي حظي بها الخطاب السياسي المتجلية في قدرته ال كبيرة في فرض الايديولوجيا بالدرجةالأولى جعلت منه محط أنظار المجتمعات المعاصرة والمتطورة لما يهدف إليه من حمل المخاطب على القبول والتسليم؛ولذلك؛ فأضحى من الضروري التسليم بأن نقل هذا النوع من النصوص من لغة الى اخرى يتطلب من المترجمالالمام بتقنيات الترجمة وتحليل الخطاب، كما تحتم الغاية الايديولوجية للخطاب السياسي على المترجم ادراك الياتالخطاب السياسي المعقدة حتى يتسنى له اختيار الاسلوب الانسب لخلق نفس التأثير في متلقي النص في اللغةالهدف مع اجتناب الافراط في الترجمة الحرفية التي قد تؤدي الى انحرافات وانزلاقات خطيرة تمس جوهر معناهوتشوهه. وخلص الباحث بعد إلقاء الضوء على مميزات الخطاب السياسي الكاستري واشكالية ترجمته إلى اللغةالعربية إلى أن الترجمة الحرفية تعجز في معظم الاحيان عن نقل الحمولة الدلالية للخطاب السياسي وتؤدي الىضياع قوته الحجاجية وحلته البلاغية.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318169">
                <text>Translation of Advertising Discourse
The advantage that the political discourse had, is manifested in its great ability to impose ideology at the first place, its focus of attention on contemporary and developed societies because of its aims to induce the addressee to accept what is said. Therefore; it becomes necessary to recognize that the transfer of this type of texts from one language to another requires from the apart of the translator to be familiar with the techniques of translation and discourse analysis, as well as the ideological purpose of political discourse to understand the complex mechanisms behind it. So, the translator can choose the most appropriate method to create the same effect on the recipient of the text in the target language. The goal is to avoid the excessive literal translation, which may lead to deviations and slips that affect the essence of its meaning and distort it. After shedding light on the characteristics of political discourse of Fidel Castro and the issue of translating it into Arabic, the researcher concluded that literal translation is often unable to convey the semantic load of political discourse and leads to the loss of its argumentative power and rhetorical structure.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318170">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318171">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/452</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318172">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1.452</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318173">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318174">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318176">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/452/359</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318178">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2009 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318180">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 8 No 1 (2009): Traduction et Langues Volume 8: Numéro: 1/ Décembre 2009; 103-109</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318182">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318184">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318186">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318188">
                <text>Political discourse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318190">
                <text>discourse analysis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318192">
                <text>literal translation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318194">
                <text>Fidel Castro discourse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318196">
                <text>semantic load</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318198">
                <text>الخطاب السياسي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318200">
                <text>تحليل الخطاب</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318202">
                <text>الترجمة الحرفية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318204">
                <text>الخطاب الكاستري</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318206">
                <text>الحمولة الدلالية</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318208">
                <text>ترجمة الخطاب السياسي</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318210">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318212">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318214">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7311" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="51">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115964">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="303802">
                  <text>Traduction et Langues</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318120">
                <text>Taiebi, Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318122">
                <text>2013-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318124">
                <text>Speech competence from a psychological point of view
It is challenging to agree on one definition to the concept speaking. It is not just talking, as almost everyone thinks, but also expressing feelings, psychology and, above all, communicating. A message can be transmitted to which a reaction is desired, be it verbal or non-verbal. Users of the German Language as a foreign language have difficulties at different levels when it comes to speaking. The present paper aims at tackling the communicative ability in its oral aspect and the impact of the speakers’ psychology on their proficiency. In addition to general language and some psychological barriers, there are also physical conditions such as intentionality, perception, attention, the ability to concentrate, orientation towards the other, the willingness to submit one's thoughts to the other, the classification of what has been understood also belong to one's own understanding of the world.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318126">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318128">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/669</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318130">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2.669</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318132">
                <text>deu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318134">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318136">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/669/550</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318138">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318140">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 72-78</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318142">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318144">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318146">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v12i2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318148">
                <text>Communication styles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318150">
                <text>psychology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318152">
                <text>speech competence.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318154">
                <text>Communication styles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318156">
                <text>psychology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318158">
                <text>speech competence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318160">
                <text>Die Sprechkompetenz unter psychologischem Aspekt</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318162">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318164">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318165">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7310" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="115965">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="305416">
                  <text>Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="14">
      <name>Dataset</name>
      <description>Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318113">
                <text>بلقاسمي , حفيظة</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318114">
                <text>2009-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318115">
                <text>إن القفزة التكنولوجية الاعلامية التي عرفتها الانسانية أحدثت تقاربا وإحتكاكا بين الثقافات مما سهلانتقال المعلومات والتكنولوجيات، إن الترجمة الإشهارية وسيله لا يقتصر دورها على نقل رسالة هدفها المنفعةوالمصلحة التجارية والثقافية والجغرافيا للمتلقي وغيرها من خلالها سنحاول الاجابة عن مجموعة من الاسئلة يذكرمنها ما هي خصوصيات الخطاب الاشهاري؟ وما هي الإكراهات التي يتعرض لها هذا النوع من الخطاب اثناءنقله من لغة إلى اخرى؟ وما طبيعتها؟ وفي خاتمة هذه الورقة استخلص الباحث أن الترجمة الإشهارية تحكمهاثلاثة ضرورات اقتصادية ولسانية وثقافية التي تمثل جملة الإكراهات حتى يحقق المترجم الامانة دون خسارةالدلالية أو وظيفية تتكامل ومتطلبات العملية التواصلية.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318116">
                <text>Translation of Advertising Discourse
The media technological leap that humanity has known has brought about a convergence and friction between cultures, which facilitated the transmission of information and technologies.In this paper, we will try to answer a set of questions, including what are the peculiarities of the advertising discourse? And what are the constraints that this type of discourse is exposed to while being transferred from one language to another? And what is its nature?In the conclusion, the researcher concluded that advertising translation is governed by three economic, linguistic and cultural necessities, which represent a set of constraints binding the translator to achieve text fidelity without losing semantic or functional integration and the requirements of the communicative process.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318117">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318118">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/451</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318119">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1.451</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318121">
                <text>ara</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318123">
                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318125">
                <text>https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/451/358</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318127">
                <text>Copyright (c) 2009 TRANSLANG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318129">
                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 8 No 1 (2009): Traduction et Langues Volume 8: Numéro: 1/ Décembre 2009; 95-102</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318131">
                <text>2600-6235</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318133">
                <text>1112-3974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318135">
                <text>10.52919/translang.v8i1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318137">
                <text>Translation of advertising discourse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318139">
                <text>global consumer</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318141">
                <text>advertising slogan</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318143">
                <text>communicative informative nature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318145">
                <text>slogan transposition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318147">
                <text>ترجمة الخطاب الاشهاري</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318149">
                <text>المستهلك العالمي</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318151">
                <text>شعار إشهاري</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318153">
                <text>طبيعة إبلاغيه تواصلية</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318155">
                <text>نقل الشعار.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318157">
                <text>ترجمة الخطاب الاشهاري</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318159">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318161">
                <text>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318163">
                <text>Peer-reviewed Article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
