82 10 8556 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Seddiki, Aoussine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-12-31 Description An account of the resource Listening and Pronunciation Instruction in a Multilingual Context: Pronunciation training in Algeria as a case study Training related to pronunciation in a multilingual environment is increasingly important and remains topical. Social developments and resulting changes make the main reason. In this article, multilingualism and training in the field of pronunciation are the main avenues of exploration. I consider it important to emphasize the impact of phonetic training on multilingualism characterizing Algerians who learn Deutsch as a foreign language. This analysis also attempts to deal with the aspect related to the means likely to reduce phonetic difficulties in the context of teaching/learning of Deutsch as a foreign language in an Algerian context. For all of the reasons mentioned in this article regarding the influence of the source languages on the pronunciation of Algerian learners of German, it is necessary for teachers to take appropriate measures with regard to the selection of appropriate pronunciation exercises and other adequately planned activities for pronunciation instruction. Another basic requirement for teachers is that they should adhere to the standard pronunciation rules when communicating with their learners. Competent teachers are and remain the best role models. They should not only have sufficient phonetic, phonological and prosodic knowledge of German and speech training skills, but their correct pronunciation should serve as a model for learners. In Algeria, teachers should have in-depth knowledge of the phonetic formation of the source languages (Algerian, Arabic, French, Berber, English). They should identify their learners' interference and difficulties arising from source and target phonetic pronunciation. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/731 10.52919/translang.v15i1.731 Language A language of the resource deu Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/731/608 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 01 / Août 2016; 234-239 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v15i1 Subject The topic of the resource Phonetic training multilingualism pronunciation phonetic difficulties teaching/learning didactics of phonetics linguistic variety influence of source languages phonetic skills Phonetic training multilingualism pronunciation phonetic difficulties teaching/learning didactics of phonetics linguistic variety influence of source languages phonetic skills Title A name given to the resource Das Hör- und Aussprachetraining in einer mehrsprachigen Umgebung: Die Ausspracheschulung in Algerien als Beispiel Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Traduction et Langues Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Avodo Avodo, Joseph Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource Phatic and Feedback Activity in Conversation in Fulfulde-Funangeere: interactional and relational aspects This article focuses on the collective construction of discourse through the prism of phatic and feedback activity. The empirical framework is the informal conversation in Fulfulde. The aim of the analysis is to describe the linguistic materials used by the participants to perform the roles of speaker and addressee, respectively. The analysis focuses on the processes of establishing and maintaining communicative contact on the one hand, and on the markers of the addressee's commitment on the other. The empirical data used are the result of a sociolinguistic survey carried out through non-participant observation, a questionnaire, and the recording of five conversations in Fulfulde-Funangeere in the city of Maroua, Cameroon. The study is based on the hypothesis that phatic and backchannel activities are involved in the interactional mechanisms of synchronization of exchanges, but also have relational functions. The analyses take advantage of interctionist epistemology, notably conversational analysis (Sacks et al, 1974, Traverso, 2011) and the interpersonal relationship in discourse in interaction (Goffman, 1974; Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1992, 2005). The results of the study underline the polyfunctional character of the linguistic units mobilized by the interactants to maintain contact and mark their socio-cognitive commitment to the exchange. It also emerges that the linguistic units identified provide both interactional and relational microfunctions, confirming the basic hypothesis. In fact, the importance given to speech in the interaction forces the participants to engage emotionally, cognitively, and socially in the interaction. The interaction then becomes the place par excellence where the socio-affective stakes are played out: appearing benevolent, suitable, highlighting one's good education, showing deference and altruism, maintaining and consolidating interpersonal ties. In short, this study of the phatic and feedback activity contributes to shed light on some aspects of the conversational style of the peoples of the Sudano-Sahelian area of the Far North of Cameroon. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/940 10.52919/translang.v22i1.940 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/940/793 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 253-275 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Backchannels Conversation Discourse Face Fulfulde Phatics Backchannels Conversation Discourse Face Fulfulde Phatics Title A name given to the resource L’activité phatique et régulatrice dans la conversation en fulfulde-funangeere : aspects interactionnels et relationnels Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dellalou, Naouèl Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-12-31 Description An account of the resource Why Privileging Generic Approach to Detective Storiesin FLE Classes This article is the result of an involved research, carried out during our doctoral research related to the issue of writing and which falls within the framework of didactics of the literary text. A research which aimed to propose it in Algerian colleges (whose teaching-learning of French as a foreign language responds exclusively to a textual typology) a new approach in the teaching-learning of French as a foreign language in general, and of writing specifically. It is a question of projecting our views into a new dialectic of reading- writing which favors a generic approach to literary works in the FLE class. With the intention of essentially developing the scriptural competence among Algerian middle school pupils, we have opted for the introduction of literature by genres in FLE classes, and mainly, the reading of the complete literary work. Knowing that going to complete works is one of the objectives of middle school education in Algeria, where the learner is invited to move from school reading to social reading. This article is then to plan for a new dialectic reading-writing with a generic approach wich favors literary works in FFL classes. To do so, the romance genre object of our proposal in this article is the detective novel. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/730 10.52919/translang.v15i1.730 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/730/607 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 01 / Août 2016; 188-200 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v15i1 Subject The topic of the resource Generic approach writing-reading dialects detective stories Generic approach writing-reading dialectics detective stories Title A name given to the resource Pourquoi Privilégier Approche Générique des Œuvres Policières en Classe de FLE Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Traduction et Langues Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sabra , Nour Elhoda A. E. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource This article falls within the broad area of translation studies in the context of feminist translation. It focuses on the strategies employed in translating gendered metaphors, and it carries out a critical analysis of gendered metaphors translation in Doris Lessing’s novel The Cleft (2007) and its two Arabic translations. The first translation is done by Mohamed Darwish under the title (The Female) (Al- Ūntha) 2008 and published by Mohamed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Foundation. The second translation is done by Mohamed Ibrahim Al Abdalla under the title (The Rift) (Al- Ṣād)) 2012 and published by the Arab Writers Union. The article focuses on and examines the cases where the translation of gendered metaphor presents challenge to Arab translator because of cultural differences. It argues that the areas where the translation of unconventional gendered metaphor challenges target culture deserve attention and need to be examined. The article offers a critique of the translation strategies employed by Arab translators for these unconventional metaphors. The article argues that gendered metaphors that appeared in feminist literary works invites different translation strategies when it is translated from English into Arabic. The article shows to what extant feminism values and agenda are reflected in Gendered metaphors that are developed by female writers. The analysis of translation strategies that Arab translators utilised in their translations of these metaphors intends to show which strategy is able to ensure a balanced representation of the author's and the translator's voices and render gendered non-traditional images in different cultures. The study vouches for hybridity as a strategy in translating gendered metaphors from English into Arabic, the article argues that Arab translators who are dealing with verbal gendered metaphor might need to adopt new approaches/ translation strategies to render the purpose of these metaphors in a different culture and bridges the gap in feminism discourse. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/938 10.52919/translang.v22i1.938 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/938/792 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 234-251 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Arabic translation strategies Author's and translator's voices Gendered Metaphor The Cleft, Doris Lessing translation Strategies Title A name given to the resource Metaphors Are Missing: Critique of Arabic Translation Strategies of Gendered Metaphors Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bencherif, Mohamed Hichem Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-12-31 Description An account of the resource Perceptions about Legal Translation Issues from French into Arabic This study aimed to deal with the legal translation problems and to discuss its definition and specificity compared with translation in general. It expected to identify the main problem of legal translation which is in turn divided into sub questions. According to reflections presented it can be said that legal translation is not a question of words, but it is related to other issues. The study chooses to evoke legal discourse with more details because of its importance both in law and translation. Firstly, some definitions of legal discourse are given in order to understand it, secondly we pointed out the main characteristics of legal discourse than we suggested a legal discourse typology based on semantic and pragmatic plan. Finally, the study concluded that a legal translator should learn during its education curriculum theses sub questions in order to be able to produce equivalent translation both legally and translationally. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/729 10.52919/translang.v15i1.729 Language A language of the resource ara Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/729/605 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 01 / Août 2016; 174-187 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v15i1 Subject The topic of the resource Legal translation problems related to legal translation legal discourse characteristics of legal discourse Legal translation problems related to legal translation legal discourse characteristics of legal discourse Title A name given to the resource تصورات حول إشكالية الترجمة القانونية من الفرنسية إلى العربية Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Traduction et Langues Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ngom, Moussa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Spanish Translation of French Passives and Adverbs in «Un chant écarlate» by Mariama Bâ: LTAEDLPYAFEUCEDMB This article offers a translation into Spanish of a series of passages taken from «Un Chant écarlate» (1981), the second and last novel by the Senegalese writer Mariama Bâ and unpublished until now in Spain. This narrative, it is worth mentioning, relates not only the intercultural conflicts that can arise between Africans and Europeans, but also the harm caused by polygamy and the suffering of African women, often reduced to slaves by their husbands or mothers-in-law. It consists of three parts, which are further subdivided into untitled chapters. Although she did not use the epistolary structure, the author incorporates into this long narrative of 377 pages some letters which, although they do not have the same status as in « Une Si longue lettre » (1979), play a very important role in the way she structures certain parts of the novel, which sometimes adopts a lyrical register and sometimes a pathetic register to highlight the dilemma in which each of the characters finds herself. The use of letters inserted into the narrative thread also allows the author to distance herself from subjective expression while at the same time lending a certain realism to the action. This essay also analyses the passives and adverbs of the original text and reflects on the possible solutions to these translation problems. Prior to the analysis of these morphosyntactic elements, a brief survey of Senegalese literature, dominated mainly by the indefatigable defender of Negritude, Leopold Sedar Senghor, will be made. Within this, feminist literature, which began in the 1980s, is included. In this sense, the writing of the woman who was the spokesperson for African women in general, and Senegalese women in particular, will be examined. A member of several feminist associations, including the "Optimistic Sisters", which she herself created, Mariama Bâ was known and recognised worldwide for her first novel «Une si longue lettre» (1979), which won the Noma award in Frankfurt in November 1980. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/937 10.52919/translang.v22i1.937 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/937/791 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 215-233 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Translatology Literature Voices Feminism Morphosyntactic Senegal Translatology Literature Voices Feminism Morphosyntactic Senegal Title A name given to the resource La traducción al español de las pasivas y adverbios franceses en «Un chant écarlate» de Mariama Bâ: LTAEDLPYAFEUCEDMB Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ouahmiche, Ghania Bensaad, Safia Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-12-31 Description An account of the resource The purpose behind this investigation is to probe first year LMD teachers’ methodology and their students’ learning achievements – at Blida2 University - in the subject of British Civilization in terms of improving their English language proficiency and grasping the content of the subject matter simultaneously. Throughout an analytical descriptive study, the focus is made on revealing the inadequacy of the prevailing teaching methodology of British Civilization in terms of being:(1) non-convergent with current EFL teaching methodologies, which stress the development of language proficiency through interactive communication in the language classroom, and (2) hindering students’ achievements in the subject of British Civilization. This study relies on three research instruments: a questionnaire for first year LMD students, a structured interview for first year LMD teachers of British Civilization besides students’ British Civilization exam papers analysis. Yet, on the basis of literature reading and the results obtained from the study, some recommendations are made in order to ameliorate the current teaching methodology of British Civilization course in first year LMD classroom. Thus, students are hopefully expected to improve their English language proficiency and attain their achievements in British Civilization subject. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/728 10.52919/translang.v15i1.728 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/728/606 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 01 / Août 2016; 8-19 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v15i1 Subject The topic of the resource EFL teaching methodologies British Civilization teachers’ methodology First year LMD classes Title A name given to the resource An Investigation into the Relationship between British Civilization Teachers’ Methodology and Students’ Learning Achievements Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Traduction et Langues Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yazbeck, Mary Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource Creativity, a distinctive privilege of the fine arts, is the act of shaping a void or absence into an original creation, a harmonious blend of intellect and emotion. It is an intellectual and affective aptitude, wherein ingenuity and intuition converge to birth unprecedented masterpieces. While creativity seems to be incongruent with the logic of the translation process at first glance, often associated solely with literary translation, it, in fact, permeates the very essence of translation, regardless of the text type. Translation is not merely a reproduction but a transformative process, akin to an act of production fueled by creativity. To comprehend the concept of creativity in literary translation, one must explore its relationship with three essential human sciences - sociology, psychology, and philosophy. In the realm of translation, sociology plays a crucial role in understanding the cultural and social dimensions that impact language and communication. A translator's creative choices are inevitably influenced by the context in which they operate. Societal norms, values, and traditions subtly guide the translator's decisions, shaping the outcome of the translated work. Psychology also bears significance, as the translator's mental processes, including cognitive abilities and emotional intelligence, influence their approach to the task. Translators must creatively navigate linguistic challenges, adapting their understanding of both the source and target languages, to convey the intended meaning faithfully while preserving the essence of the original work. Furthermore, philosophy adds depth to the concept of creativity in translation, offering insights into the nature of language, meaning, and interpretation. Philosophical perspectives influence how translators grapple with issues of subjectivity, ambiguity, and the limits of linguistic expression. A translator's creative intuition comes into play when confronting the gaps between languages and cultures, striving to transcend these barriers and give life to a cohesive and captivating translated piece. In conclusion, creativity thrives in the art of translation, extending its reach far beyond literary works. Whether rendering scientific texts, legal documents, or technical manuals, the translator's creativity remains an essential tool in overcoming linguistic challenges and creating nuanced, accurate, and culturally sensitive translations. The interplay between sociology, psychology, and philosophy enriches the understanding of creativity's role in translation, emphasizing its transformative power in bridging cultures and bringing forth captivating, novel expressions of language. As translation continues to evolve, acknowledging and embracing creativity will undoubtedly foster a deeper appreciation for the beauty and intricacies of multilingual communication. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/936 10.52919/translang.v22i1.936 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/936/790 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 199-214 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Creativity Translation Sociology Psychology Philosophy Title A name given to the resource The Translator-Author: Explaining the Literary Translation Process through Creativity Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Articles Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Benahcene, Malika Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-12-31 Description An account of the resource This paper describes and analyses the phenomenon of Code-Switching as practiced by Algerian Kabyle speakers living in Oran. The aim behind the present investigation is to explore the attitudes of Kabyle speakers towards Code-switching (CS), and examines the factors that determine language choice and direct Code-switching. It should be noted that Kabyle speakers represent a minority group in Oran. This minority group uses a variety of Berber that is unintelligible with the varieties that are used by the Algerian Arabic speakers in the city of Oran. The contact between Kabyle, Algerian Arabic and French in the minority speakers listed above triggers contact phenomena such as code switching. The data on which this paper is based consists of a questionnaire made of three sections administered to a group of Berberophones in order to see whether they hold favorable or unfavorable attitudes towards the phenomenon of code-switching. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/726 10.52919/translang.v15i1.726 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/726/604 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 15 No 1 (2016): Traduction et Langues Volume: 15 Numéro: 01 / Août 2016; 215-222 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v15i1 Subject The topic of the resource Code-switching Attitudes Classical Arabic Algerian Arabic Kabyle French Title A name given to the resource Attitudes Towards Code-Switching: A case study of Kabyle speakers living in Oran Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Articles Traduction et Langues Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Manifi Abouh, Maxime Yves Julien Ngala, Bernardin Essama Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-06-30 Description An account of the resource Translating Metaphors from Spanish to Cameroonian Languages: Which Method in a learning context? Metaphor, in its various forms, poses substantial constraints when one undertakes to translate it, given that it is a model of expression of a culture, a mode of thought, singularised through each language and in permanent construction. After clarifying some conceptual and theoretical points about the process of metaphorisation and the typology of metaphor, this study qualitatively analyses the way in which 29 students from a translation institute in Cameroon translated some forty metaphors from Spanish into Cameroonian languages. Given the difficulty of collecting metaphors in their diverse and unclear typology, the study is limited to the category of fixed metaphors, particularly idioms. It is found that because of the cultural connotations they carry and the acrolectal style they are supposed to convey; metaphors are difficult to translate by translator-learners who have not been introduced to a specific method for doing so. Most students make numerous errors (non- translations, lack of meaning, and loss of meaning) that betray the precariousness of their translation process. Following this observation, this study, which is both descriptive and prescriptive, recommends some specific methodological points that should be taught to translator-learners to enable them to translate metaphors from Spanish into Cameroonian languages effectively. The said methodological points are built on the basis of the work of Barnwell (1990), Misri (1990), Hagström (2002), Jamet (2003), and more around the seven strategies advocated by Newmark (1981) for metaphor transfer, namely reproduction of the same image (literal translation), replacement with a standard image, replacement with a simile that retains the image, replacement with a simile with explanation, conversion of the metaphor into an explanation of its meaning, omission, and reproduction of the original metaphor combined with an explanation. However, the study recommends that such a draft method, in order to be effective and beneficial, should be accompanied by didactic reforms in the teaching of Spanish translation in relation to Cameroonian languages. In this perspective, it would be appropriate for translator-learners to be more exposed to metaphors in Spanish, and that bridges and didactic "pretexts" be created to enable them to rub shoulders with experts in Cameroonian languages and cultures. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/935 10.52919/translang.v22i1.935 Language A language of the resource fra Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed Relation A related resource https://revue.univ-oran2.dz/revuetranslang/index.php/translang/article/view/935/789 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Traduction et Langues; Vol 22 No 1 (2023): Traduction et Langues Volume : 22 Numéro : 01 / June 2023; 179-198 2600-6235 1112-3974 10.52919/translang.v22i1 Subject The topic of the resource Translation Metaphor Errors Method Spanish Cameroonian languages African Languages Translation Metaphor Errors Method Spanish Cameroonian languages African Languages Title A name given to the resource Quelle méthode de traduction des métaphores de l’espagnol vers les langues camerounaises en contexte d’apprentissage ? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article