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                <text>El Ouchdi- Mirali, Ilhem Zoubida</text>
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                <text>Starting from the assumption that learning is a mental process shaped by cognitive and metacognitive capacities and that the LMD promotes developing competency, this work unfolds the role of this newly introduced system in enhancing critical thinking. This paper highlights the way Information Communication Technologies are used in our university and exhibits their contribution in developing critical thinking. For this, we will primarily study different elements that enhance critical thinking and its social function, and then move to the role Information Communication Technologies play in its development. The final step analyses fourth semester’s students’ outcomes and drawbacks when dealing with this module in the department of English.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 61-67</text>
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                <text>2600-6235</text>
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                <text>10.52919/translang.v14i1</text>
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                <text>critical thinking</text>
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                <text>Enhancing critical thinking through ICTS   in the LMD System:  The case of   Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University</text>
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                <text>Comparative analysis of sentenceorder in Russian and Arabic
This article deals with the role of translation in teaching Russian to Algerian students. In this research, we have briefly touched upon the theoretical and practical aspects of translation from Russian into Arabic and from Arabic into Russian. In particular, we studied the question of the order of speech in Arabic and Russian and how to translate it. Speech order is an essential issue in translation. In this article, we suggest models for translation.</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Copyright (c) 2013 TRANSLANG</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 116-122</text>
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                <text>Russian</text>
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                <text>speech order</text>
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                <text>teaching the russian language</text>
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                <text>Russian</text>
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                <text>teaching the Russian language.</text>
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                <text>Сравнительный анализ порядка членов предложения в русском и арабском языках</text>
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                <text>Cheikh, Saadia</text>
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                <text>The challenge of cultural diversity and the teaching of French as a foreign language in Algeria
The intercultural approach is imperative in the teaching French foreign language because no human, in archaic or modern society is without culture, but every culture is singular and Algeria does not make the exception and the Algerian learner is multicultural and multilingual. Then how can we make sensitive our learners in the cultural skill and which are the didactic proposals to approach the intercultural in class of French as a foreign language?</text>
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                <text>University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 28-35</text>
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                <text>cultural skill</text>
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                <text>Le défi de la diversité culturelle et l’enseignement du FLE en Algérie</text>
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                <text>Bourouba , Chahinez</text>
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                <text>Past tense fading
The German language is constantly changing. Examples of language change in New High German include the decline of the subjunctive II in favour of the paraphrase of dignity, the reduction of unstressed endings and the simultaneous construction of new endings on prepositions. An older language change can still be traced in its effects on German today, the so-called Upper German preterit decline. This denotes the omission of the past tense in Early New High German in southern Germany. A phenomenon that continues to spread northward to this day. The present paper aims at studying the German tense system focusing on the fading of the past tense and the reasons behind the phenomenon. The decline in the past tense is one of the most obvious morphological developments in Alemannic (or Upper German). The consequence of giving up this synthetic way of working was the transfer of the past category to syntax. This has led to a strong typological drift of Alemannic in the course of an analytical and additionally bracketed language type. The disappearance of the past tense contrasts in a peculiar way with the preservation, even the secondary expansion, of synthetic subjunctive.</text>
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                <text>Pour une Traduction de Qualité</text>
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The new media are the focus of this scientific work and teaching in the fields of media education and media research. The importance of computer use as an entry point into the world of new digital media is highlighted. These new media can enrich and develop foreign languages if the foreign language learners themselves have the necessary technical and methodical-didactical competence. Self-directed learning opens up the possibility of organizing the learning process for individual needs and abilities. The learners must be aware of their available strategies and techniques and be able to anticipate the success of the respective method based on the learning objective.</text>
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The presence of the Spaniards in Oran lasted for several centuries, this long stay starting with the 10th century, marked the Oran people in their spoken dialect. The Spanish language in Oran as a linguistic tool, allows us today more than ever to dive back into our history, to question our memory, to reconsider and evaluate our true identity. Because beyond the Oran/Spain borders is a Spanish-speaking history, also impregnated with our civilizational values and witness today of these socio-cultural interferences inherited from a common history. My paper aims to highlight some significant aspects of a common interculturality that must be safeguarded, preserved and maintained.</text>
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                <text>On Structural syntax
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                <text>Strukturelle Syntax</text>
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                <text>This paper attempts to show a language dilemma related to higher education in Algeria. The question tackles ‘baccalauréat’ holders’ choice of university courses: though basic knowledge is acquired in Standard Arabic, the official language of instruction in Algeria in high school diploma, a number of university streams are provided in French, only taught as a foreign language. Freshmen interested in medicine, for instance, are faced with learning difficulties if they do not master French. An investigation of a group of medical students, undertaken in Tlemcen, has revealed some of these issues, in particular the low academic achievement from the part of the students. The study also deals with their attitudes towards French, usually positive among those who have a good command of the language, but negative among others. We also touch upon the issue of language policy in the Algerian education system as some students have expressed the desire of pursuing medical studies in Arabic.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 14 No 1 (2015): Traduction et Langues Volume: 14 Numéro: 01 / Août 2015; 159-164</text>
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                <text>Language Dilemma in Algerian Higher Education Pre-University Schooling in Arabic and Medical  Studies in French</text>
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                <text>Assessing and evaluating in the Deutsch course
The debate about the German language lessons is decisively shaped worldwide by keywords like evaluation and assessment. The situation at the Algerian universities and in the German department is similar. The examination and testing procedure is constantly being questioned because the results achieved do not correspond to the wishes of the teaching team. In this article, the interest is in pursuing the question of assessment and evaluation in the context of the German department at the University of Oran. The German language course is the focus of the present study. The previous experience with regard to the implementation of tests and examinations that are planned in each semester in the respective subjects is considered a particular inspiration for this analysis. In addition, due to the persisting problem of evaluation, countless conferences, congresses and workshops are regularly organized worldwide. However, one would like to emphasize that assessment didactics in the German language as a foreign language area have made huge strides in the last two decades. There is already a consensus on the most important assessment criteria. The European Framework of Reference, which provides interesting strategies and techniques for assessment and assessment in German language as a foreign language lessons, is considered one of the most important reference sources for evaluation.</text>
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                <text>Traduction et Langues; Vol 12 No 2 (2013): Traduction et Langues Volume 12: Numéro: 2/ Décembre 2013; 83-90</text>
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